LIBRI DI IVANA PAIS

Gli spazi collaborativi sono nuovi luoghi di lavoro, come coworking, incubatori o hub creativi. Questo libro raccoglie i contributi di studiosi che da anni si occupano del fenomeno degli spazi collaborativi, offrendo strumenti di analisi e di gestione che possono essere d’aiuto sia per i gestori di questi luoghi sia per gli amministratori locali che vogliono utilizzare tali spazi per l’implementazione di politiche di sviluppo territoriale e di sostegno al lavoro.

This article focuses on high-skilled jobs performed through digital labour platforms (DLPs) in Europe. First, it discusses the main typologies developed in recent years to classify DLPs according to the level of skills required of workers. Second, it pro-vides an overview of the available data and attempts to measure this growing phenomenon. Third, it focuses on the quality of high-skilled platform jobs in com-parison to both low-to-medium-skilled platform jobs and offline jobs performed by the self-employed. The analysis identified several typical characteristics of platform work that have been overlooked by the debate on the quality of work, which has hitherto mainly been based on dependent employment and offline work. Finally, we conclude by discussing the main challenges that DLPs pose in terms of quality of work.

The concept of community remains crucial in social sciences and organizational analysis. In recent years, the concept of community has become a sort of buzzword, in particular, with the rise of the so-called sharing and platform economy. This contribution asks what kinds of communities are enabled by collaborative platforms and how power is practiced within these peculiar organizations, considering them as evaluative infrastructures. The article explores these issues through the empirical analysis of one of the best-known sharing platforms (BlaBlaCar) adopting a mixed method approach. The research concludes that the analyzed case presents the main characteristics of a brand community, although it has some specific and original features. Compared to other evaluation infrastructures, in BlaBlaCar the control is more centralized and the power more legitimated, as it is considered a guarantee of security and reliability of the service which increases the loyalty to company’s brand.

Segnata dai lutti e dalle sofferenze dei mesi passati, consapevole dei lasciti economici, sociali e sanitari della pandemia a cui è urgente dare risposta, Milano ancora una volta è pronta a ripartire. Di questo parla il Rapporto 2021 raccontandoci, con la polifonia di voci e punti di vista che lo contraddistingue, le vie della resilienza e della ripresa della città, soffermandosi su temi tra i quali il governo della polis e del territorio, le reti della socialità e della solidarietà, il diritto all’educazione e alla salute.

Quale innovazione per la città? Tecnologica o sociale? Di prodotto o di processo? Radicale o incrementale? Milano sembra aver preso la sua strada, optando per il modello di "innovazione sociale inclusiva". Il Rapporto Ambrosianeum 2017 entra nel merito di questa scelta, osservando ciò che accade in alcuni campi privilegiati - il lavoro e le imprese 4.0, le università e la ricerca, il welfare e le nuove pratiche di condivisione - e mostrando che l’innovazione può essere alla portata di tutti. O quasi.

Resa più forte dall’esperienza di Expo, Milano deve assumere pienamente il proprio ruolo di metropoli internazionale. La Città metropolitana è un’occasione da non perdere per avviare un nuovo corso, ma rischia di restare un guscio vuoto, ferma com’è a discutere di questioni amministrative e gestionali. Raccogliendo la sfida, il Rapporto Ambrosianeum 2016 esplora fenomeni diversi: coworking, social street, associazionismo etnico, produzione culturale indipendente, solidarietà organizzata... Esempi di creatività culturale e di innovazione che reclamano un nuovo paradigma sociale metropolitano.

Granovetter first analyzed the role of interpersonal networks in the job market. It is useful to connect the general questions concerning the relation between social capital and employability to specific categories of candidates. In this paper we focus on graduates, who are facing growing difficulties of placement in the job market. What is the importance of social ties in the job placement of new graduates? What is the morphology of social networks that result effective in job searching? What are the characteristics of people who were used as contact by workers who are professionally successful and satisfied? To answer these questions a survey was led on a sample of Graduates of 2008, that was conducted via web between June and August 2012 and reached almost 6000 interviewed.

The paper examines the use of social network sites as a new channel for job search and hiring, looking at the implications this has on candidates and recruiters. This will be done thanks to an online survey, conducted between March and June 2014, which collected responses from more than 17.000 candidates and 1500 recruiters from 24 countries and which includes a specific focus on the dynamics concerning Italy. The main questions this article tackles are: what kind of candidates and firms use social media in the recruitment process; what is the effectiveness of social media in the matching between supply and demand in the labour market; how candidates represent themselves online and how their digital reputation impacts on job search, potentially changing the role of social capital in social recruiting.

Il saggio si propone di rispondere a una domanda principale: le diverse forme di lavoro gratuito agite nel crowdfunding sono percepite dagli attori coinvolti come dono, sfruttamento o investimento? La domanda di ricerca è stata articolata rispetto ai modelli di crowdfunding, gli attori intervistati e in relazione ai significati che essi attribuiscono alla loro esperienza. La ricerca è stata effettuata mediante l’invio di un questionario on-line a tutte le piattaforme italiane e attraverso interviste semi-strutturate con un campione di piattaforme e di gestori di campagne. Il lavoro è organizzato in tre parti principali: definizione del crowdfunding, analisi delle logiche operative e dei meccanismi sociali che lo governano; mappa della diffusione, crescita e impatto del crowdfunding in Italia; analisi dei significati attribuiti al lavoro gratuito tra i principali attori del settore. Si conclude con l’individuazione di nuovi percorsi di ricerca per l’analisi di un settore che è ancora in fase embrionale, ma presenta alti tassi di crescita.

La diffusione dei social media sta veicolando nuovi meccanismi reputazionali, anche in ambito professionale. Il paper prende in esame un caso limite: i food- blogger, professionisti amatoriali che si muovono lungo il continuum hobbyprofessione attraverso un investimento intenzionale in segnali reputazionali. La principale questione aperta riguarda la spendibilità della reputazione all’interno dello stesso contesto in cui è stata costruita, attraverso la creazione di nuove professioni digitali, oppure in settori e professioni più tradizionali. La ricerca mette in luce una differenza significativa tra attori popolari e attori reputati. Nella terza parte, il paper propone la social network analysis delle reti personali dei foodblogger più popolari su Facebook e Twitter: emergono strutture di rete differenti, a tutti i livelli presi in esame. Questa analisi verrà poi ripetuta per gli attori più reputati e in diversi gruppi professionali.

STMicroelectronics restructuring in Agrate Brianza. A local game within a metanational Player - STMicroelectronics is a global leader in designing, manufacturing and delivering semiconductor solutions across the spectrum of microelectronics applications. This contribution analyses the restructuring process that affected the Agrate Brianza site, in Lombardy (Italy) between May 2005 and November 2007, as a case of local governance of global dynamics, essentially based on industrial relations without any intervention of local or public authorities. The chapter is structured in three parts: a company presentation, the analysis of the restructuring process and some considerations about the innovative practices explained by the case-study. These innovative practices allowed the Agrate site, not only to transform the restructuring announced at headquarters level as a downsizing into a vast internal reorganization, but also to increase its competitiveness.

Valutare i fondi interprofessionali per la formazione continua. Il modello Obr Fondimpresa Lombardia - This article is about a model proposed by OBR Fondimpresa Lombardia for the evaluation of concerted training plan. Usually, in Italy the term "evaluation" is perceived as a negative word which reminds critics and judgment. In this investigation job, which is characterized by a participated and shared process, the meaning of evaluation gains a completely opposite sense: it is meant as a "giving value", as a way to bring into light the different aspects that build the Fondimpresa system, aiming to scout and to create some possible improvement spaces. The article is divided into six sections. First paragraph is about the beginning and the characteristics of inter-professional funds which support life long learning. Second paragraph describes the action plan followed by the promotion and evaluation team (the so-called professionals) of Obr Fondimpresa Lombardia. In the third paragraph shall be disclosed the specifics of the evaluation of the concerted training. In the fourth and fifth paragraph are presented, respectively, the path to building the model for assessing Fondimpresa in Lombardy and the results so far emerged. The last paragraph outline the future prospects of intervention, from a critical analysis of the path taken so far.

Key words: evaluation model, evaluation brainstorming, inter-professional funds, education, action research

Parole chiave: modello di valutazione, brainstorming valutativo, fondi interprofessionali, formazione, ricerca - intervento

Work in internet companies in the Milan province Do internet companies represent an experimental lab for the analysis of work transformation? Which kind of relationship does exist between the state of technological shares on the stock exchange and the introduction of innovating processes both in the organization and regulation of work? This article deals with these questions comparing the results of an analysis of the organization of work in internet companies located in the Milan province with some recent theories concerning the future of work. This analysis is completed by a survey of the transformations in the work of internet companies following the fluctuation of economic-financial cycles of recent years. The final consideration takes into account the possibility of using the analysis of work in internet companies also for the activities that in future will attend to the distribution of products and services connected with new technologies.