LIBRI DI STEFANO BIANCHI

The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in January 2020 is-sued “Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current”, which amended IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements. The main purpose of the amend-ments regards the classification of financial liabilities and how to classify them under particular circumstances. The amendments are proposed to be effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023, with earlier application permitted. Due to feedback received and enquiries about the classification of financial liabilities with financial covenants, in December 2020 the IFRS Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) published a tentative agenda decision in response to such feedback. Subsequently, in October 2022 the International Accounting Stand-ards Board (IASB) published a document titled “Non-current Liabilities with Covenants (Amendments to IAS 1)”. The purpose of this document is to clarify the conditions with which an entity must comply within twelve months after the reporting period affect the classification of a liability. The amendments are ef-fective for reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2024. The classification of financial liabilities as current or non-current is an im-portant consideration for financial reporting purposes, as it can have a significant impact on a company’s financial statements and financial ratios. Current liabili-ties are those that are expected to be settled within one year, while non-current liabilities are those that are expected to be settled beyond that time frame. The purpose of the following review is to analyse the main impacts of the amendments on the classification of the financial liabilities with covenants and the project’s history and timeline.

Il peggioramento delle condizioni economiche, in seguito alla pandemia da COVID-19, ha determinato un impatto negativo sui risultati e sui flussi di cassa, che ha portato le imprese a svalutare le proprie attività, tra cui l’avviamento. Questo volume evidenzia i tratti teorici ed empirici che caratterizzano l’impatto del COVID-19 sull’applicazione dell’impairment all’avviamento, nonché le implicazioni che ne derivano, e analizza come le imprese abbiano recepito le raccomandazioni emanate da ESMA e da CONSOB in merito all’informativa sull’impairment dell’avviamento.

The COVID-19 outbreak has impacted significantly on the movements of goods and people through the world causing interruptions at many levels in the financial and industrial environment with a significant impact on financial reporting. The purpose of the following review is to analyse some of the main accounting implications of the outbreak in the IFRS financial statements and the first responses at international level by the standard-setters. In the first part, the analysis will be focused first on the main implications for periods ended on 31 December 2019 and then on the effects for the 2020 reporting periods onward. As per 2008 global financial crisis (GFC), that began in 2007 with a depreciation in the subprime mortgage market in the United States, the main international standard-setters (IASB and FASB) has proposed amendments of the standards to react to some implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the second part of this review will be summarised the main responses, including the documents and proposed amendments issued by the IASB regard-ing IFRS 16 Leases accounting for lease concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Il volume ha l’obiettivo di trattare il tema dell’informativa non-finanziaria integrando aspetti teorici e pratici e considerando il recepimento della Direttiva in Italia con il D.Lgs. 254/2016. Lo sviluppo di riflessioni di tipo più teorico, relative principalmente all’evoluzione nel corso del tempo della regolamentazione e delle linee-guida nazionali e internazionali, si associa all’analisi delle ricadute che tale evoluzione ha avuto sui comportamenti delle imprese in tema di reportistica non-finanziaria.

The new accounting standard IFRS 16 Leases is the result of a long process of review of the criteria for recognizing and evaluating the lease on the financial statements. The need to promote a revision of the accounting criteria on leasing has been felt by many players of the financial system. IASB, FASB, EFRAG, financial institutions, auditors and preparers have supported a debate on leasing over the years, which has underlined the im-portance of representing and assessing the operating leases in the financial statements with criteria similar to the criteria utilised for the financial leasing in order to improve the quality and comparability of the financial information. The new standard IFRS 16 Leases will be effective for annual reporting periods begin-ning on or after 1 January 2019 and it will bring significant changes in accounting require-ments for lease accounting, primarily for lessees, replacing the existing suite of standards and interpretations on leases as per follows: - IAS 17 Leases (IAS 17) - IFRIC 4 Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease (IFRIC 4) - SIC 15 Operating Leases - Incentives (SIC 15) - SIC 27 Evaluating the Substance of Transactions Involving the Legal Form of a Lease (SIC 27). The purpose of the following review is to analyse some of the main issues arising from the adoption of IFRS 16 Leases supported by the results of a recent effect analysis.

The disclosure in financial statements is one of the pillars of the framework of the International Financial Statements (IFRS). All the standards include a relevant section with indication about the information and data to be disclosed in the notes, however the feedbacks received from the stakeholders and users indicated the existence of concerns about the effectiveness of disclosures in financial statements and about the disclosure overload. In order to respond to the above concerns and feedbacks, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) launched the Disclosure Initiative in 2013. The Disclosure Initiative is a multi-faced project that involves various IFRSs aiming to limit the disclosure in the financial statements and improving the financial information, it is part of the global project “Better Communication in Financial Reporting that will be implemented in order to improve the way financial information is prepared by the IFRS entities. The purpose of the following review is to analyse the different stages of the Disclosure initiative between the four completed phases and the on-going projects and to comment its results.

Il volume offre un inquadramento del recepimento della Direttiva contabile Europea 34/2013 nel processo di armonizzazione contabile in Europa, a cui viene poi ricondotta un’analisi critica del nuovo quadro concettuale dei principi contabili generali di bilancio. Il testo propone un riesame delle regole e dei principi di bilancio contenuti nel Codice Civile e nei principi contabili OIC, che è stato approfondito con un’analisi empirica delle variazione nelle prassi contabili. Viene illustrato infine il ruolo delle società di revisione attraverso un’analisi dell’influenza delle modifiche introdotte dal Decreto sulla revisione contabile.

Il bilancio di competenze favorisce la riflessione dell’individuo su se stesso, sulle capacità tecniche e trasversali acquisite nella propria esperienza formativa, lavorativa e personale, in modo da realizzare un incastro efficace tra domanda e offerta di lavoro. A partire da queste riflessioni, il volume riporta l’esperienza realizzata dalla Provincia di Latina che ha realizzato una serie di interventi tesi a contrastare gli effetti dell’attuale crisi occupazionale.

L’Europa orientale a venti anni dal 1989 - Eastern Europe twenty years on looks retrospectively at the radical changes that have occurred in East-Central Europe since 1989. Despite the Cold War, cultural, economic and social exchanges and "métissages" had developed between the two parts of Europe. The communist collapse of 1989 offered a simultaneous opportunity of reforms and integration, given the interdependence between the "post-socialist transition" and the double process of the Eu enlargement and deepening. Nationalism however has emerged in opposition to integration (and globalization) in both Eastern and Western Europe, giving a new dimension to processes that increasingly have emphasized how Europe is no longer divided in an East-West dichotomy, but displays similar problems in dealing with diversity, social welfare, effective governance and mutual recognition.

Key words: Post-socialist transition, European Union, métissage, Nationalism, Globalization.

Parole chiave: transizione post-socialista, Unione europea, meticciato, nazionalismo, globalizzazione.