Same-sex parenting challenges not only ourcultural norms and inner family representations, but also many psychoanalytic concepts andtheories. Before the 1990s, both Freudian and Jungian theories took an essentialist position ongender and sexual orientation, oversimplifying the explanation of the pathway leading to homosexualchoice. In this way, psychoanalysis endorsed the prevailing cultural norms and conceptsof "health" and "illness", which resulted in a series of prejudices on same-sex relationships and,a fortiori, same-sex parenting. It is time to rethink the conscious and unconscious dynamics ofgender identity development, and to study those families where more than one mother and morethan one father alternate in caregiving, affection prevails over morality and rules, and the divisionbetween genders is more fluid. These themes are discussed also through the lens of a literaturereview on the subject.
Keywords: Same-sex parenting, homosexuality, prejudice,gender identity, LGBT