La prevenzione dell’HIV: una questione "di genere"? Uno studio preliminare sulle determinanti psicosociali dell’uso del preservativo in un campione di studenti universitari

Titolo Rivista: PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE
Autori/Curatori: Roberta Fida, Carlo Tramontano, Marinella Paciello, Valentina Cara, Claudio Barbaranelli
Anno di pubblicazione: 2013 Fascicolo: 2 Lingua: Italiano
Numero pagine: 22 P. 137-158 Dimensione file: 768 KB
DOI: 10.3280/PDS2013-002009
Il DOI è il codice a barre della proprietà intellettuale: per saperne di più clicca qui

Qui sotto puoi vedere in anteprima la prima pagina di questo articolo.

Se questo articolo ti interessa, lo puoi acquistare (e scaricare in formato pdf) seguendo le facili indicazioni per acquistare il download credit.
Acquista Download Credits per scaricare questo Articolo in formato PDF

anteprima articolo

FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

Il presente contributo indaga le differenze di genere relative ad alcune determinanti psicosociali dell’intenzione d’uso del preservativo, nell’ambito della teoria del Comportamento Pianificato di Fishbein e Ajzen quali le norme e il controllo. Alla ricerca hanno partecipato 271 universitari dell’Università Sapienza di Roma (60% donne) di età compresa tra i 18 e i 41 anni (M = 23.5, DS = 3.17). I risultati dell’ANOVA e del modello di equazioni strutturali confermano che molteplici fattori incidono sulle intenzioni d’uso del preservativo con importanti differenze tra uomini e donne. I risultati evidenziano come il genere sia un importante moderatore dei nessi teoricamente definiti. Ciò significa che, almeno in qualche misura, il modello "cambia forma" nei due gruppi, specialmente rispetto alla norma soggettiva e agli antecedenti distali dell’intenzione d’uso del preservativo. Ciò comporta la necessità di pensare e implementare programmi di intervento che su piattaforme comuni prevedano anche alcune componenti specifiche per genere.

  1. Abbey A., Parkhill M., Buck P. and Saenz C. (2007). Condom use with a casual partner: What distinguishes college students’ use when intoxicated? Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 21, 1: 76-83. DOI: 10.1037/0893-164X.21.1.7
  2. Ajzen I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In: Kuhi J. and Beckmann J., editors, Action control: From cognition to behavior. Heidelberg: Springer.
  3. Ajzen I. (1987). Attitudes, traits, and actions: Dispositional prediction of behavior in personality and social psychology. In: Berkowitz L., editor, Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol. 20. New York: Academic Press. DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2601%2808%2960411-
  4. Ajzen I. (1988). Attitudes, personality, and behavior. Chicago: Dorsey Press.
  5. Ajzen I. and Fishbein M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Prendice-Hall Inc.
  6. Ajzen I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50: 179-211. DOI: 10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-
  7. Albarracín D., Johnson B.T., Fishbein M. and Muellerleile P.A. (2001). Theories of reasoned action and planned behavior as models of condom use: a meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 127(1): 142-161. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.14
  8. Amaro H. (1995). Love, sex, and power: Considering women’s realities in HIV prevention. American Psychologist, 50(6): 437-447. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.50.6.43
  9. Armitage C.J. (2005). Can the theory of planned behavior predict the maintanance of physical activity? Health Psychology, 24(3): 235-245. DOI: 10.1037/0278-6133.24.3.23
  10. Bentler P.M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107: 238-246. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.23
  11. Bentler P.M. and Speckart G. (1979). Models of attitude behavior relations. Psychological Review, 86: 452.464. DOI: 10.1037/0033-295X.86.5.45
  12. Bollen K.A. (1989). Structural Equation with Latent Variables. New York: Wiley. Retrieved from PsycINFO
  13. Bryan A., Fisher J. and Fisher W. (2002). Tests of the mediational role of preparatory safer sexual behavior in the context of the theory of planned behavior. Health Psychology, 21(1): 71-80. DOI: 10.1037/0278-6133.21.1.7
  14. Caprara G.V. and Barbaranelli C. (2000). Heads of Government, mobile phones, foam baths. Personal determinants of voting behavior and purchasing [Capi di governo, telefonini, bagni schiuma. Determinanti personali dei comportamenti di voto e di acquisto.] Milano: Raffaello Cortina.
  15. Carmack C.C. and Lewis-Moss R.K. (2009). Examining the theory of planned behavior applied to condom use: the effect-indicator vs. causal-indicator models. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 30(6): 659-676. DOI: 10.1007/s10935-009-0199-
  16. CDC (2005). HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, 2004. Vol. 16. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, 1–46. Retrieved from PsycINFO
  17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, 2005. Vol. 17. Rev ed. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2007. Also available at: http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/resources/reports
  18. Cha E., Kim K. and Patrick T. (2008) Predictors of intention to practice safer sex among Korean college
  19. students. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 37(4): 641-651. DOI: 10.1007/s10508-007-9187-yCicognaniE.,andZaniB.(1998).WhohasfearofAIDS?Astudyonthecomponentsofriskevaluationinadolescents.[Chihapauradell’AIDS?Unostudiosullecomponentidellavalutazionedelrischioinadolescenza].BollettinodiPsicologiaApplicata,22:647-60
  20. Collins S.E., Witkiewitz K. and Larimer M.E. (2011). The Theory of Planned Behavior as a predictor of growth in risky college drinking. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 72(2): 322-332.
  21. Conner M. and Armitage C.J. (1998). Extending the theory of planned behavior: A review and avenues for further research. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28: 1429-1464. DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01685.
  22. Conner M., Graham S. and Moore B. (1999). Alcohol and intentions to use condoms: Applying the theory of planned behaviour. Psychology and Health, 14(5): 795-812. DOI: 10.1080/0887044990840734
  23. Duesberg P.H. (1996) Inventing the AIDS virus. Washington DC: Regnery Publishing, Inc.
  24. Fishbein M. and Ajzen I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley.
  25. Gredig D., Nideröst S. and Parpan-Blaser A. (2007). Explaining the condom use of heretosexual men in high-income country: adding somatic culture to the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of Public Health, 15(2): 129-140. DOI: 10.1007/s10389-007-0091-
  26. Hu L. and Bentler P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6: 1-55 DOI: 10.1080/1070551990954011
  27. Jamner M.S., Wolitski R.J., Corby N.H. and Fishbein M. (1998). Using the theory of planned behavior to predict intention to use condoms among female sex workers. Psychology and Health, 13: 187-205. DOI: 10.1080/0887044980840674
  28. Jemmott J., Heeren G., Ngwane Z., Hewitt N., Jemmott L., Shell R. and O’Leary A. (2007). Theory of planned behavior predictors of intention to use condoms among Xhosa adolescents in South Africa. AIDS Care, 19(5): 677-684. DOI: 10.1080/0954012060108430
  29. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS – World Health Organization (UNAIDS/WHO). (2009). AIDS epidemic update: November 2009. Available from http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/dataimport/pub/report/2009/
  30. Jöreskog K.G. and Sörbom D. (1993). LISREL8 User’s Reference Guide. Scientific Software International.
  31. Molla M., Åstrøm A.N. and Brehane Y. (2007). Applicability of the theory of planned behavior to intended and self-reported condom use in a rural Ethiopian population. AIDS Care, 19(3): 425-431. DOI: 10.1080/0954012060072269
  32. Muñoz-Silva A., Sánchez-García M., Nunes C. and Martins A. (2007). Gender differences in condom use prediction with Theory of reasoned action and planned behaviour: The role of self-efficacy and control. AIDS Care, 19(9): 1177-1181. DOI: 10.1080/0954012070140277
  33. Murnaghan D.A., Blanchard C., Rodgers W., La Rosa J., MacQuarrie C., MaClellan D. and Gray B. (2009). The influence of student-level normative, control and behavioral beliefs on staying smoke-free: An application of Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior. Addiction Research and Theory, 17(5): 469-480. DOI: 10.1080/1606635080201164
  34. Murnaghan D.A., Blanchard C., Rodgers W., La Rosa J., MacQuarrie C., MaClellan D. and Gray B. (2010). Predictors of physical activity, healthy eating and being smoke-free in teens: A theory of planned behaviour approach. Psychology and Health, 25(8): 925-941. DOI: 10.1080/0887044090286689
  35. Norman P. (2011). The theory of planned behavior and binge drinking among undergraduate students: Assessing the impact of habit strength. Addictive Behaviors, 36(5): 502-507. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.01.02
  36. Norman P. and Conner M. (2006). The theory of planned behaviour and bing drinking: assessing the moderating role of past behaviour within the theory of planned behaviour. British Jurnal of Health Psychology, 11: 55-70. DOI: 10.1348/135910705X4374
  37. Ouellette J.A. and Wood W. (1998). Habit and intention in everyday life: The multiple processes by which past behavior predicts future behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 124: 54-74. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.124.1.5
  38. Ouellette J.A. and Wood W. (1998). Habit and indention in everyday life: The multiple processes by which post behavior predicts future behavior. Psychology Bulletin, 124(1): 54-74. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.124.1.5
  39. Petrillo G. and Caso D. (2008). Promoting health in educational settings. Healthy behaviors and well-being among adolescents [Promuovere la salute nei contesti educativi. Comportamenti salutari e benessere tra gli adolescenti]. Milano: Franco Angeli.
  40. Schaalma H., Aarø L.E., Flisher A.J., Mathews C., Kaaya S., Onya H., Ragnarson A., and Klepp K.-I. (2009). Correlates of intention to use condoms among Sub-Saharian African youth: the applicabilità of the theory of planned behaviour. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 37(2): 87-91. DOI: 10.1177/140349480809063
  41. Sommer L. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour and the impact of past behaviour. International Business and Economics Research Journal, 10(1): 91-110.
  42. Steiger J.H. (1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25: 173-180. DOI: 10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4
  43. Suligoi B., Boros S., Camoni L., Lepore D. and Occhiodoro V. (2010). Updating of new diagno-ses of HIV infection at 31 December 2008 and cases of AIDS in Italy to 31 December 2009 [Aggiornamento delle nuove diagnosi di infezione da HIV al 31 dicembre 2008 e dei casi di AIDS in Italia al 31 dicembre 2009]. Notiziario dell’ISS, Vol. 23(4), Supplemento 1.
  44. Sutton S., McVey D. and Glanz A. (1999). A comparative test of the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior in the prediction of condom use intentions in a national sample of English young people. Health Psychology, 18(1): 72-81. DOI: 10.1037/0278-6133.18.1.7
  45. Thurstone L.L. (1947). Multiple-Factor Analysis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. DOI: 10.1002/1097-4679(194804
  46. (UNAIDS) 2000. Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic ? June 2000. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Geneva, Switzerland: UNAIDS press. Available from http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/dataimport/pub/report/2000/2000_gr_en.pdf
  47. Wise D., Goggin K. and Gerkovich, M. (2006). Predicting intentions to use condoms using gender, sexual experience, and the theory of planned behavior. American Journal of Health Education, 37(4): 210-218.
  48. World Health Organization (2010). HIV/AIDS Programme: highlights 2008-09. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press.

  • Conoscenze e comportamenti degli adolescenti in ambito affettivo-sessuale: una ricerca esplorativa Elena Canzi, Miriam Parise, Laura Ferrari, Maria Giulia Olivari, in RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA 2/2020 pp.575
    DOI: 10.3280/RIP2020-002006

Roberta Fida, Carlo Tramontano, Marinella Paciello, Valentina Cara, Claudio Barbaranelli, La prevenzione dell’HIV: una questione "di genere"? Uno studio preliminare sulle determinanti psicosociali dell’uso del preservativo in un campione di studenti universitari in "PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE" 2/2013, pp 137-158, DOI: 10.3280/PDS2013-002009