Paura di cadere e funzionalità motoria. Uno studio longitudinale e multidimensionale tra anziani ospiti in struttura residenziale

Titolo Rivista PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE
Autori/Curatori Paolo R. Brustio, Daniele Magistro, Gabriele Patrucco, Marcella M. Caglio, Emanuela Rabaglietti, Monica E. Liubicich
Anno di pubblicazione 2017 Fascicolo 2017/2 Lingua Italiano
Numero pagine 16 P. 5-20 Dimensione file 235 KB
DOI 10.3280/PDS2017-002001
Il DOI è il codice a barre della proprietà intellettuale: per saperne di più clicca qui

Qui sotto puoi vedere in anteprima la prima pagina di questo articolo.

Se questo articolo ti interessa, lo puoi acquistare (e scaricare in formato pdf) seguendo le facili indicazioni per acquistare il download credit. Acquista Download Credits per scaricare questo Articolo in formato PDF

Anteprima articolo

FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

Nella quotidianità, l’anziano trova spesso difficoltà ad affrontare situazioni che richiedono di svolgere differenti azioni simultaneamente. Questo studio indaga, su un campione di anziani istituzionalizzati, le abilità di cammino in dual-task e le possibili relazioni tra queste e il costrutto di paura di cadere. Quindici anziani (età media M = 79±10 anni), ospiti di una struttura residenziale, hanno svolto una prova di cammino in single-task e la medesima prova in condizione di dual-task. È stata inoltre valutata la paura di cadere. I risultati evidenziano una riduzione della velocità di cammino in condizione di dual-task, altresì, a livello longitudinale, un declino della performance. Correlazioni significative sono osservabili tra compiti in dual-task e paura di cadere. Si sottolineano le difficoltà dell’anziano a svolgere compiti in dual-task e la relativa relazione con la paura di cadere. Queste informazioni, in un contesto di vita istituzionalizzata, potranno essere utili per programmi d’interventi motori e cognitivi dedicati.;

Keywords:Dual-task, deambulazione, paura di cadere, anziano istituzionalizzato.

  1. Al-Yahya E., Dawes H., Smith L., Dennis A., Howells K. and Cockburn J. (2011). Cognitive motor interference while walking: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 35(3): 715-728.
  2. Asai T., Misu S., Doi T., Yamada M. and Ando H. (2014). Effects of dual-tasking on control of trunk movement during gait: respective effect of manual- and cognitive-task. Gait & Posture, 39(1): 54-59.
  3. Beauchet O., Annweiler C., Allali G., Berrut G., Herrmann F.R. and Dubost V. (2008). Recurrent falls and dual task-related decrease in walking speed: is there a relationship? Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 56(7): 1265-1269.
  4. Brandler T.C., Wang C., Oh-Park M., Holtzer R., Verghese J. (2012). Depressive symptoms and gait dysfunction in the elderly. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 20(5): 425-432.
  5. Lezak M.D. (2004). Neuropsychological asessment 4 Ed: Oxford: Oxford University Press, Incorporated.
  6. Lundin-Olsson L., Nyberg L. and Gustafson Y. (1997). “Stops walking when talking” as a predictor of falls in elderly people. The Lancet, 349(9052): 617. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)24009-
  7. Magistro D., Candela F., Brustio P.R., Liubicich M.E. and Rabaglietti E. (2014). Longitudinal Study on the Relationship Between Aerobic Endurance and Lower Body Strength in Italian Sedentary Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act, 23, 3: 444-451.
  8. Mielke M.M., Roberts R.O., Savica R., Cha R., Drubach D.I., Christianson T., Pankratz V.S., Geda Y.E., Machulda M.M., Ivnik R.J., Knopman D.S., Boeve B.F., Rocca W.A., Petersen R.C. (2013). Assessing the temporal relationship between cognition and gait: slow gait predicts cognitive decline in the Mayo clinic study of aging. Journals of Ger-ontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 68(8): 929-937.
  9. Montero-Odasso M., Bergman H., Phillips N.A., Wong C.H., Sourial N. and Chertkow H. (2009). Dual-tasking and gait in people with mild cognitive impairment. The effect of working memory. BMC Geriatrics, 9, 41. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2318-9-4
  10. Nordin E., Moe-Nilssen R., Ramnemark A. and Lundin-Olsson L. (2010). Changes in step-width during dual-task walking predicts falls. Gait & Posture, 32(1): 92-97.
  11. Park D.C. and Reuter-Lorenz P. (2009). The adaptive brain: aging and neurocognitive scaffolding. The Annual Review of Psychology, 60: 173-196.
  12. Park H.L., O’Connell J.E. and Thomson R.G. (2003). A systematic review of cognitive decline in the general elderly population. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 18(12): 1121-1134.
  13. Patel P., Lamar M. and Bhatt T. (2014). Effect of type of cognitive task and walking speed on cognitive-motor interference during dual-task walking. Neuroscience, 260(0): 140-148.
  14. Pellecchia G.L. (2003). Postural sway increases with attentional demands of concurrent cognitive task. Gait & Posture, 18(1): 29-34. DOI: 10.1016/S0966-6362(02)00138-
  15. Laessoe U., Hoeck H.C., Simonsen O. and Voigt M. (2008). Residual attentional capacity amongst young and elderly during dual and triple task walking. Human Movement Science, 27(3): 496-512.
  16. Lach H.W. and Parsons J.L. (2013). Impact of fear of falling in long term care: an integrative review. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 14(8): 573-577.
  17. Kressig R.W., Herrmann F.R., Grandjean R., Michel J.P. and Beauchet O. (2008). Gait variability while dual-tasking: fall predictor in older inpatients? Aging Clin Exp Res, 20(2): 123-130.
  18. Jung D., Shin S. and Kim H. (2014). A fall prevention guideline for older adults living in long-term care facilities. Int Nurs Rev, 61(4): 525-533.
  19. Holtzer R., Wang C. and Verghese J. (2012). The relationship between attention and gait in aging: facts and fallacies. Motor Control, 16(1): 64-80.
  20. Hollman J.H., Kovash F.M., Kubik J.J. and Linbo R.A. (2007). Age-related differences in spatiotemporal markers of gait stability during dual task walking. Gait & Posture, 26(1): 113-119.
  21. Hofheinz M. and Schusterschitz C. (2010). Dual task interference in estimating the risk of falls and measuring change: a comparative, psychometric study of four measurements. Clinical Rehabilitation, 24(9): 831-842. DOI: 10.1177/0269215510367993
  22. Hausdorff J.M., Schweiger A., Herman T., Yogev-Seligmann G. and Giladi N. (2008). Dual-task decrements in gait: contributing factors among healthy older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 63(12): 1335-1343.
  23. Hauer K., Pfisterer M., Weber C., Wezler N., Kliegel M. and Oster P. (2003). Cognitive impairment decreases postural control during dual tasks in geriatric patients with a history of severe falls. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51(11): 1638-1644.
  24. Hall C.D., Echt K.V., Wolf S.L. and Rogers W.A. (2011). Cognitive and motor mechanisms underlying older adults’ ability to divide attention while walking. Physical Therapy, 91(7): 1039-1050.
  25. Granacher U., Muehlbauer T., Gollhofer A., Kressig R.W. and Zahner L. (2011). An interge-nerational approach in the promotion of balance and strength for fall prevention–a mini-review. Gerontology, 57(4): 304-315.
  26. Granacher U., Bridenbaugh S.A., Muehlbauer T., Wehrle A. and Kressig R.W. (2011). Age-related effects on postural control under multi-task conditions. Gerontology, 57(3): 247-255. DOI: 10.1159/00032219
  27. Gagnon N., Flint A.J., Naglie G. and Devins G.M. (2005). Affective correlates of fear of falling in elderly persons. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, 13(1): 7-14.
  28. Donoghue O.A., Horgan N.F., Savva G.M., Cronin H., O’Regan C. and Kenny R.A. (2012). Association between timed up-and-go and memory, executive function and processing speed. J Am Geriatr Soc, 60(9): 1681-1686.
  29. Donoghue O.A., Cronin H., Savva G.M., O’Regan C. and Kenny R.A. (2013). Effects of fear of falling and activity restriction on normal and dual task walking in community dwelling older adults. Gait & Posture, 38(1): 120-124.
  30. Delbaere K., Close J.C., Mikolaizak A.S., Sachdev P.S., Brodaty H. and Lord S.R. (2010). The Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I). A comprehensive longitudinal validation study. Age & Ageing, 39(2): 210-216.
  31. Chu Y.H., Tang P.F., Peng Y.C. and Chen H.Y. (2013). Meta-analysis of type and complexity of a secondary task during walking on the prediction of elderly falls. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 13(2): 289-297.
  32. Chodzko-Zajko W.J., Proctor D.N., Fiatarone Singh M.A., Minson C.T., Nigg C.R., Salem G.J. and Skinner J.S. (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(7): 1510-1530.
  33. Candela F., Zucchetti G., Ortega E., Rabaglietti E. and Magistro D. (2015). Preventing Loss of Basic Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Elderly: Identification of Individual Risk Factors in a Holistic Perspective. Holist Nurs Pract, 29(5): 313-322.
  34. Candela F., Zucchetti G., Magistro D., Ortega E. and Rabaglietti E. (2014). Real and perceived physical functioning in Italian elderly population: associations with BADL and IADL. Advances in Aging Research, 3(5).
  35. Brustio P.R., Magistro D., Rabaglietti E. and Liubicich M.E. (2015). Age-related differences in dual task performance: A cross-sectional study on women. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 17, 2: 315-321.
  36. Brustio P.R., Magistro D. and Liubicich M.E. (2014). Changes in temporal parameters during performance of the Step Test in older adults. Gait & Posture.
  37. Brustio P.R., Magistro D., Ivaldi S., Caglio M.M., Rabaglietti E. and Liubicich M.E. (2015). Neuromotor training in older women living in long-term care setting: a pilot study. Geriatrics Nursering, 36(5): 361-366.
  38. Brauer S.G. and Morris M.E. (2004). Effects of dual task interference on postural control, movement and physical activity in healthy older people and those with movement disorders. In: Morris M.E. and Schoo A.M.M. (eds.), Optimizing exercise and physical activity in older people. Edinburgh: Butterworth-Heinemann, pp. 267-287.
  39. Pothier K., Benguigui N., Kulpa R. and Chavoix C. (2015). Multiple Object Tracking While Walking: Similarities and Differences Between Young, Young-Old and Old-Old Adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 70(6): 840-849.
  40. Reelick M.F., Kessels R.P., Faes M.C., Weerdesteyn V., Esselink R.A. and Olde Rikkert M.G. (2011). Increased intra-individual variability in stride length and reaction time in recurrent older fallers. Aging Clin Exp Res, 23(5-6): 393-399. DOI: 10.3275/732
  41. Reelick M.F., van Iersel M.B., Kessels R.P. and Rikkert M.G. (2009). The influence of fear of falling on gait and balance in older people. Age and ageing, 38(4): 435-440.
  42. Schneider W. and Chein J.M. (2003). Controlled & automatic processing: behavior, theory and biological mechanisms. Cognitive Science, 27(3): 525-559.
  43. Shumway-Cook A., Guralnik J.M., Phillips C.L., Coppin A.K., Ciol M.A., Bandinelli S. and Ferrucci L. (2007). Age-associated declines in complex walking task performance: the Walking InCHIANTI toolkit. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 55(1): 58-65.
  44. Shumway-Cook A. and Woollacott M. (2000). Attentional demands and postural control: the effect of sensory context. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 55(1): M10-16.
  45. Shumway-Cook A. and Woollacott M. (2012). Motor Control: Translating Research Into Clinical Practice Fourth Edition. Baltimore, MD: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  46. Srygley J.M., Mirelman A., Herman T., Giladi N. and Hausdorff J.M. (2009). When does walking alter thinking? Age and task associated findings. Brain Res, 1253: 92-99.
  47. Tang P.F., Yang H.J., Peng Y.C. and Chen H.Y. (2015). Motor dual-task Timed Up & Go test better identifies prefrailty individuals than single-task Timed Up & Go test. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 15(2): 204-210.
  48. Taylor M.E., Delbaere K., Mikolaizak A.S., Lord S.R. and Close J.C. (2013). Gait parameter risk factors for falls under simple and dual task conditions in cognitively impaired older people. Gait & Posture, 37(1): 126-130.
  49. Theill N., Martin M., Schumacher V., Bridenbaugh S.A. and Kressig R.W. (2011). Simultaneously measuring gait and cognitive performance in cognitively healthy and cognitively impaired older adults: the Basel motor-cognition dual-task paradigm. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(6): 1012-1018.
  50. Uemura K., Yamada M., Nagai K., Tanaka B., Mori S. and Ichihashi N. (2012). Fear of falling is associated with prolonged anticipatory postural adjustment during gait initiation under dual-task conditions in older adults. Gait & Posture, 35(2): 282-286.
  51. van Haastregt J.C., Zijlstra G.A., van Rossum E., van Eijk J.T. and Kempen G.I. (2008). Feelings of anxiety and symptoms of depression in community-living older persons who avoid activity for fear of falling. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(3): 186-193.
  52. Verghese J., Wang C., Lipton R.B. and Holtzer R. (2013). Motoric cognitive risk syndrome and the risk of dementia. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 68(4): 412-418.
  53. Visschedijk J.H., Caljouw M.A., Bakkers E., van Balen R. and Achterberg W.P. (2015). Longitudinal follow-up study on fear of falling during and after rehabilitation in skilled nursing facilities. BMC Geriatrics, 15: 161.
  54. Woollacott M. and Shumway-Cook A. (2002). Attention and the control of posture and gait: a review of an emerging area of research. Gait & Posture, 16(1): 1-14. DOI: 10.1016/S0966-6362(01)00156-
  55. Wrightson J.G., Ross E.Z. and Smeeton N.J. (2015). The Effect of Cognitive Task Type and Walking Speed on Dual-Task Gait in Healthy Adults. Motor Control, 20, 1: 109-121.
  56. Yamada M., Aoyama T., Arai H., Nagai K., Tanaka B., Uemura K., Mori S., Ichihashi N. (2011). Dual-task walk is a reliable predictor of falls in robust elderly adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 59(1): 163-164.
  57. Yardley L., Beyer N., Hauer K., Kempen G., Piot-Ziegler C. and Todd C. (2005). Development and initial validation of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Age & Ageing, 34(6): 614-619.
  58. Yardley L. and Smith H. (2002). A prospective study of the relationship between feared consequences of falling and avoidance of activity in community-living older people. Gerontologist, 42(1): 17-23.
  59. Yogev-Seligmann G., Hausdorff J.M. and Giladi N. (2008). The role of executive function and attention in gait. Movement Disorders, 23(3): 329-342.

Paolo R. Brustio, Daniele Magistro, Gabriele Patrucco, Marcella M. Caglio, Emanuela Rabaglietti, Monica E. Liubicich, Paura di cadere e funzionalità motoria. Uno studio longitudinale e multidimensionale tra anziani ospiti in struttura residenziale in "PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE" 2/2017, pp 5-20, DOI: 10.3280/PDS2017-002001