Neuromanagement e comunicazione

Titolo Rivista RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA
Autori/Curatori Irene Venturella, Davide Crivelli
Anno di pubblicazione 2017 Fascicolo 2017/3 Lingua Italiano
Numero pagine 17 P. 295-311 Dimensione file 231 KB
DOI 10.3280/RIP2017-003002
Il DOI è il codice a barre della proprietà intellettuale: per saperne di più clicca qui

Qui sotto puoi vedere in anteprima la prima pagina di questo articolo.

Se questo articolo ti interessa, lo puoi acquistare (e scaricare in formato pdf) seguendo le facili indicazioni per acquistare il download credit. Acquista Download Credits per scaricare questo Articolo in formato PDF

Anteprima articolo

FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

Il neuromanagement è il campo di ricerca che utilizza gli approcci metodologici delle neuroscienze applicandoli al tema del management. Il presente articolo vuole fornire uno sguardo sullo stato dell’arte della ricerca in questo campo. Il neuromanagement ha come fine quello di supportare il cambiamento delle organizzazioni in base alle richieste e alle necessità che vengono sia dall’interno sia dall’esterno dell’azienda. I metodi delle neuroscienze sono, in quest’ottica, utili al superamento di quei modelli predittivi più semplicistici della tradizione manageriale, grazie alle opportunità offerte dall’analisi di misure implicite che rispecchiano l’importanza dei meccanismi inconsapevoli e dei processi emotivi al fianco dei processi razionali consapevoli. Nella realtà manageriale, oltre a una dimensione "esplicita", ne esiste una "implicita". Trattando l’argomento dei processi impliciti, si farà quindi cenno anche alla dimensione emotiva e non razionale del comportamento umano. Di seguito, sarà posto l’accento sulla dimensione non verbale e sul ruolo della mimica facciale nella comunicazione, la quale risulta essere uno strumento fondamentale per l’interazione sociale nei contesti aziendali. La componente verbale nell’interazione face-to-face, infine, integra la dimensione non-verbale con quella propria del processo comunicativo dello scambio di battute, arricchendo e completando il processo comunicativo per la creazione di significato.;

Keywords:Neuromanagement, comunicazione, strumenti neuroscientifici, processi impliciti, mimica facciale, face-to-face.

  1. Akinola, M. (2010). Measuring the pulse of an organization: Integrating physiological measures into the organizational scholar’s toolbox. Research in Organizational Behavior, 30, 203-223.
  2. Andréasson, P., & Dimberg, U. (2008). Emotional empathy and facial feedback. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 32(4), 215-224.
  3. Balconi, M. (2008a). Neuropsicologia della comunicazione. Milano: Springer Verlag. DOI: 10.1007/978-88-470-0706-2
  4. Balconi, M. (2009). Neuropsicologia delle dinamiche di acquisto. In M. Balconi & A. Antonietti (Eds.), Scegliere, comprare: dinamiche di acquisto in psicologia e neuroscienze (pp.1-31). Milano: Springer-Verlag. DOI: 10.1007/978-88-470-1374-2_1
  5. Balconi, M. (2013). Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, working memory and episodic memory processes: insight through transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques. Neuroscience Bulletin, 29(3), 381-389.
  6. Balconi, M., & Lucchiari, C. (2005). In the face of emotions: event-related potentials in supraliminal and subliminal facial expression recognition. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monograph Journal, 131(1), 41-69. DOI: 10.3200/MONO.131.1.41-69
  7. Balconi, M., & Lucchiari, C. (2008). Consciousness and arousal effects on emotional face processing as revealed by brain oscillations: a gamma band analysis. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 67(1), 41-46.
  8. Balconi, M., & Mazza, G. (2009). Brain oscillations and BIS/BAS (behavioral inhibition/activation system) effects on processing masked emotional cues. ERS/ERD and coherence measures of alpha band. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 74(2), 158-165.
  9. Balconi, M., & Pozzoli, U. (2009). Arousal effect on emotional face comprehension: frequency band changes in different time intervals. Physiology & Behavior, 97(3-4), 455-462.
  10. Balconi, M., & Mazza, G. (2010). Lateralisation effect in comprehension of emotional facial expression: a comparison between EEG alpha band power and behavioural inhibition (BIS) and activation (BAS) systems. Laterality, 15(3), 361-84. DOI: 10.1080/13576500902886056
  11. Balconi, M., & Bortolotti, A. (2011). Detection of the facial expression of emotion and self-report measures in empathic situations are influenced by sensorimotor circuit inhibition by low-frequency rTMS. Brain Stimulation, 5(3), 330-336.
  12. Balconi, M., & Bortolotti, A. (2012). Resonance mechanism in empathic behavior BEES, BIS/BAS and psychophysiological contribution. Physiology & Behavior, 105(2), 298-304.
  13. Balconi, M., Falbo, L., & Conte, V.A. (2012). BIS and BAS correlates with psychophysiological and cortical response systems during aversive and appetitive emotional stimuli processing. Motivation and Emotion, 36(2), 218-231.
  14. Balconi, M., & Canavesio, Y. (2013). High-frequency rTMS improves facial mimicry and detection responses in an empathic emotional task. Neuroscience, 236(6), 12-20.
  15. Balconi, M., Finocchiaro, R., & Canavesio, Y. (2015). Reward- system effect (BAS rating), “left hemispheric unbalance” (alpha band oscillations) and decisional impairments in drug addiction. Addictive Behaviors, 39(6), 1026-1032.
  16. Dumas, G., Nadel, J., Soussignan, R., Martinerie, J., & Garnero L. (2010). Inter-brain synchronization during social interaction. Plos One, 5(8), e12166.
  17. Balconi, M., & Venturella, I. (2015). Comunicazione, emozioni e neuromanagement. In M.E. Salati, & A. Leoni (Eds.) Neuroscienze e Management. Nuovi strumenti per la professione manageriale (pp. 235-249) Milano: Guerini Next.
  18. Balconi, M., & Molteni, E. (2016). Past and future of near-infrared spectroscopy in studies of emotion and social neuroscience. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 28(2), 129-146. DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2015.1102919
  19. Balconi, M., & Vanutelli, M.E. (2016). Competition in the brain. The contribution of EEG and fNIRS modulation and personality effects in social ranking. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 1587.
  20. Balconi M., Fronda, G., Natale, M.R., & Rimoldi, E. (in press). Perché la leadership generativa. Il contributo delle neuroscienze. Ricerche di Psicologia. Mi-lano: FrancoAngeli.
  21. Barsade, S.G. (2002). The ripple effect: Emotional contagion and its influence on group behavior. Administrative Science Quarterly, 47(4), 644-675. DOI: 10.2307/3094912.
  22. Barsade, S.G., Ramarajen L., & Westen, D. (2009). Implicit affect in organizations. Research in Organizational Behavior, 29, 135-162.
  23. Becker, W.J., & Cropanzano, R. (2010). Organizational neuroscience: The promise and prospects of an emerging discipline. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(7), 1055-1059.
  24. Belin, P., Fecteau S., & Bédard, C. (2004). Thinking the voice: neural correlates of voice perception. Trends in Cognitive Science, 8(3), 129-135.
  25. Bernat, E., Bunce, S., & Shevrin, H. (2001). Event-related brain potentials differentiate positive and negative mood adjectives during both supraliminal and subliminal visual processing. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 42(1), 11-34. DOI: 10.1016/S0167-8760(01)00133-7
  26. Besel, L.D.S. (2007). Empathy: The role of facial expression recognition. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B. The Sciences and Engineering, 68(4-B), 2638. DOI: 10.14288/1.0100322
  27. Boaz, N.T., & Almquist, A.J. (1997). Biological anthropology: a synthetic approach to human evolution. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall.
  28. Bradley, M.M., Codispoti, M., Cuthbert, B.N., & Lang, P.J. (2001). Emotion and motivation I: Defensive and appetitive reactions in picture processing. Emotion, 1(3), 276-298. DOI: 10.1037/1528-3542.1.3.276
  29. Corina, D.P., & Knapp, H. (2006). Special issue: review sign language processing and the mirror neuron system. Cortex, 42(4), 529-539. DOI: 10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70393-9
  30. Cuthbert, B.N., Schupp, H.T., Bradley, M.M., Birbaumer, N., & Lang, P.J. (2000). Brain potentials in affective picture processing: covariation with autonomic arousal and affective report. Biological Psychology, 52(2), 95-111. DOI: 10.1016/S0301-0511(99)00044-7
  31. Davidson, R.J. (1992). Anterior cerebral asymmetry and the nature of emotion. Brain and Cognition, 20(1), 125-151. DOI: 10.1016/0278-2626(92)90065
  32. Deppe, M., Schwindt, W., Kugel, H., Plassmann, H., & Kenning, P. (2005). Non-linear responses within the medial prefrontal cortex reveal when specific im-plicit information influences economic decision making. Journal of Neuroim-aging, 15(2), 171-182.
  33. de Wied, M., van Boxtel, A., Zaalberg, R., Goudena, P.P., & Matthys, W. (2006). Facial EMG responses to dynamic emotional facial expressions in boys with disruptive behavior disorders. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 40(2), 112-121.
  34. Dimberg, U., Thunberg, M., & Elmehed, K. (2000). Unconscious facial reactions to emotional facial expressions. Psychological Science, 11(1), 86-89. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9280.00221
  35. Ehrhart, M.G., & Naumann, S.E. (2004). Organizational citizenship behaviour in work groups: A group norms approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(6), 960-974. DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.89.6.96
  36. Elster, J. (1998). Emotions and economic theory. Journal of Economic Literature, 36(1), 47-74.
  37. Everhart, D.E., & Harrison, D.W. (2000). Facial affect perception among anxious and non-anxious men. Psychobiology, 28(1), 90-98. DOI: 10.3758/BF03330632
  38. Ferrari, P.F., Gallese, V., Rizzolatti, G., & Fogassi, L. (2003). Mirror neurons responding to the observation of ingestive and communicative mouth actions in the monkey ventral premotor cortex. European Journal of Neuroscience, 17(8), 1703-1714.
  39. Garrod, S., & Pickering, M.J. (2004). Why is conversation so easy? Trends in Cognitive Science, 8(1), 8-11.
  40. Glimcher, P.W., & Rustichini, A. (2004). Neuroeconomics: the consilience of brain and decision. Science, 306(5695), 447.
  41. Goleman, D. (2006). Social intelligence: The new science of human relationships. New York: Bantam Books.
  42. Gray, J.A. (1981). A critique of Eysenck’s theory of personality. In Eysenck H.J. (Ed.), A model for personality (pp. 246-276). New York: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-67783-0_8
  43. Groeppel-Klein, A. (2005). Arousal and consumer in-store behavior. Brain Research Bulletin, 67(5), 428-437.
  44. Hari, R., & Kujala, M.V. (2009). Brain basis of human social interaction: from concepts to brain imaging. Physiological Reviews, 89(2), 453-479.
  45. Hein, G., & Singer, T. (2008). I feel how you feel but not always: The empathic brain and its modulation. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 18(2), 153-158.
  46. Heller, W. (1993). Neuropsychological mechanisms of individual differences in emotion, personality, and arousal. Neuropsychology, 7(4), 476-489. DOI: 10.1037/0894-4105.7.4.476
  47. Hofelich, A.J., & Preston, S.D. (2012). The meaning in empathy: distinguishing conceptual encoding from facial mimicry, trait empathy, and attention to emotion. Cognition & Emotion, 26(1), 119-128. DOI: 10.1080/0269931.2011.559192
  48. Ilgen, D.R., Hollenbeck, J.R., Johnson, M., & Jundt, D. (2005). Teams in organizations: From input-process-output models to IMOI models. Annual Review of Psychology, 56(1), 517-543.
  49. Jabbi, M., Swart, M., & Keysers, C. (2007). Empathy for positive and negative emotions in the gustatory cortex. Neuroimage, 34(4), 1744-1753.
  50. Jiang, J., Dai, B., Peng, D., Zhu, C., Liu, L., & Lu, C. (2012). Neural Synchronization during Face-to-Face Communication. The Journal of Neuroscience, 32(45), 16064-16069. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2926-12.2012
  51. Johnston, V.S., Miller, D.R., & Burleson, M.H. (1986). Multiple P3s to emotional stimuli and their theoretical significance. Psychophysiology, 23(6), 684-694.
  52. Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1982). Variants of uncertainty. Cognition, 11(2), 143-157. DOI: 10.1016/0010-0277(82)90023-3
  53. Kawasaki, M., Yamada, Y., Ushiku, Y., Miyauchi, E., & Yamaguchi Y. (2013). Inter-brain synchronization during coordination of speech rhythm in human-to-human social interaction. Scientific Reports, 3, 1692.
  54. Keysers, C., & Fadiga, L. (2008). The mirror neuron system: New frontiers. Social Neuroscience, 3(3-4), 193-198. DOI: 10.1080/17470910802408513
  55. Kock, N. (2002). Evolution and media naturalness: a look at e-communication through a Darwinian theoretical lens. In L. Applegate, R. Galliers, & J.L. DeGross (Eds.), Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Information Systems (pp.373-382). Atlanta: Association for Information Systems.
  56. Kohler, E., Keysers, C., Umiltà, M.A., Fogassi, L., Gallese, V., & Rizzolatti, G. (2002). Hearing sounds, understanding actions: action representation in mirror neurons. Science, 297(5582), 846-848.
  57. Kouzes, J.M., & Posner, B.Z. (1995). The leadership challenge: how to keep get-ting extraordinary things done in organizations. California: Jossey- Bass.
  58. LeDoux, J.E. (1989). Cognitive-emotional interactions in the brain. Cognition and Emotion, 3(4), 267-289. DOI: 10.1080/02699938908412709
  59. Lewin, K., Lippitt, R., & White, R.K. (1939). Patterns of aggressive behavior in experimentally created “social climates.” The Journal of Social Psychology, 10(2), 269-299. DOI: 10.1080/00224545.1939.9713366
  60. Loewenstein, G.F. (2000). Emotions in economic theory and economic behavior. The American Economic Review, 90(2), 426-432.
  61. Loewenstein, G.F., Weber, E.U., Hsee, C.K., & Welch, N. (2001). Risk as feelings. Psychological Bulletin, 127(2), 267-286. DOI: 10.1037/0033-29091272267
  62. Mardaga, S., Laloyaux, O., & Hansenne, M. (2006). Personality traits modulate skin conductance response to emotional pictures: An investigation with Cloninger’s model of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 40(8), 1603-1614.
  63. Mayer, J.D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In P. Salovey & D.J. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional development and emotional intelligence: Educational implications (pp. 3-34). New York: Harper Collins.
  64. Mayer, J.D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D.R. (2008). Emotional intelligence: new ability or eclectic traits? American Psychologist, 63(6), 503-517. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.63.6.503
  65. Mehrabian, A. (1996). Pleasure-arousal-dominance: a general framework for describing and measuring individual differences in temperament. Current Psychology, 14(4), 261-292. DOI: 10.1007/BF02686918
  66. Mehrabian, A., & Russell, J. (1972). A measure of emotional empathy. Journal of Personality, 40(4), 525-543.
  67. Pickering, M.J., & Garrod, S. (2004). Toward a mechanistic psychology of dialogue. Behavioral Brain Science, 27(2), 169-190. DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X04000056
  68. Posner, J., Russell, J.A., Peterson, B.S. (2005). The circumplex model of affect: an integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 17(3), 715-34. DOI: 10.1017/S0954579405050340
  69. Rizzolatti, G., & Arbib, M.A. (1998). Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, 21(5), 188-194. DOI: 10.1016/S0166-2236(98)01260-0
  70. Rizzolatti, G., & Craighero, L. (2004). The mirror-neuron system. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 27, 169-192.
  71. Rizzolatti, G., & Fabbri-Destro, M. (2008). The mirror system and its role in social cognition. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 18(2), 179-184.
  72. Russell, J.A. (1980). A circumplex model of affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(6), 1161-1178.
  73. Russell, J.A., & Carroll, J.M. (1999). On the bipolarity of positive and negative affect. Psychology Bulletin, 125(1), 3-30. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.125.1.3
  74. Saarela, M.V., Hlushchuk, Y., Williams, A.C., Schurmann, M., Kalso, E., & Hari, R. (2007). The compassionate brain: Humans detect intensity of pain from another’s face. Cerebral Cortex, 17(1), 230-237.
  75. Scott, W.D., & Cervone, D. (2002). The impact of negative effect on performance standards evidence for on affective-as-information mechanism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26(1), 19-37. DOI: 10.1023/A:1013837520031
  76. Shao-Khang, Lo. (2008). The nonverbal communication functions of emoticons in computer-mediated communication. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 11(5), 595-597.
  77. Skrandies, W., & Weber, P. (1996). Dimensionality of semantic meaning and segments of evoked potential field. In C. Ogura, Y. Koga, & M. Shimokochi (Eds.), Recent Advances in Event-related Brain Potential Research: Proceed-ings of the 11th Internatinal Conference on Event-relate Potentials (EPIC) (pp. 125-162). New York: Elsevier.
  78. Slovic, P., Finucane, M.L., Peters, E., & MacGregor, D.G. (2004). Risk as analysis and risk as feelings: some thoughts about affect, reason, risk, and rationality. Risk Analysis, 24(2), 311-322.
  79. Spinella, M. (2005). Prefrontal substrates of empathy: psychometric evidence in a community sample. Biological Psychology, 70, 175-181.
  80. Stephens, G.J., Silbert, L.J., & Hasson, U. (2010). Speaker-listener neural coupling underlies successful communication. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 107(32), 14425-14430.
  81. Vanutelli, M.E., Crivelli, D., & Balconi, M. (2015). Two-in-one: inter-brain hyperconnectivity during cooperation by simultaneous EEG-fNIRS recording. Neuropsychological Trends, 18, 156.
  82. Weinstein, S., Drozdenko, R., & Weinstein, C. (1984). Brain wave analysis in advertising research. Psychology & Marketing, 1(3-4), 83-96.
  83. Westbury, H.R., & Neumann, D.L. (2008). Empathy-related responses to moving film stimuli depicting human and non-human animal targets in negative circumstances. Biological Psychology, 78(1), 66-74.
  84. Wilson, T.D., Lindsey, S., & Schooler T.Y. (2000). A model of dual attitudes. Psychological Review, 107(1), 101-26. DOI: 10.1037//0033-295X.107.1.101
  85. Wong, P.S., & Root, J.C. (2003). Dynamic variations in affective priming. Consciousness and Cognition, 12(2), 147-168. DOI: 10.1016/S1053-8100(03)00007-2
  86. Yee, C.M., & Miller, C.M. (1987). Affective valence and information processing. In R. Johnson, J.W. Rohrbaugh, & R. Parasuraman (Eds.), Current Trends in Event-relatedpotential Research (EEG Supplement 40) (pp. 300-307). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

  • Face-to-face vs. remote digital settings in job assessment interviews: A multilevel hyperscanning protocol for the investigation of interpersonal attunement Michela Balconi, Giulia Fronda, Federico Cassioli, Davide Crivelli, Humaira Nisar, in PLOS ONE /2022 pp.e0263668
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263668

Irene Venturella, Davide Crivelli, Neuromanagement e comunicazione in "RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA " 3/2017, pp 295-311, DOI: 10.3280/RIP2017-003002