Trauma e riparazione in una comunità colpita dal sisma: una lettura clinica dinamica per l’intervento post-emergenziale

Titolo Rivista: PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE
Autori/Curatori: Viviana Langher, Francesco Marchini, Daniele Brandimarte, Agnese Giacchetta, Andrea Caputo
Anno di pubblicazione: 2019 Fascicolo: 3 Lingua: Italiano
Numero pagine: 24 P. 98-121 Dimensione file: 278 KB
DOI: 10.3280/PDS2019-003006
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Il presente contributo si pone l’obiettivo di esplorare, all’interno di una prospettiva clinico-dinamica, le strategie di adattamento delle comunità a seguito di un terremoto. In particolare, si focalizza sugli aspetti traumatici e riparativi della comunità nell’ottica di mettere in luce possibi-li implicazioni per l’intervento post-emergenziale. Viene presentato uno studio di caso condot-to in un territorio colpito dal sisma dell’Italia Centrale avvenuto negli anni 2016-2017. Venti-cinque testimoni-chiave sono stati intervistati e i testi sono stati trascritti e poi analizzati tramite l’Analisi Emozionale del Testo (Carli e Paniccia, 2002) con l’ausilio del software T-Lab, all’interno di un paradigma individuo-contesto fondato sul costrutto della collusione, quale processo di socializzazione delle emozioni condivise entro un contesto. Sono emersi cinque raggruppamenti testuali dall’analisi dei cluster e tre fattori dall’analisi delle corrispondenze multiple, in grado di spiegare il rapporto tra i cluster. I risultati, in sintesi, mettono in luce, all’interno delle narrazioni dei partecipanti, la presenza di (a) una dinamica di dipendenza ana-clitica nell’adattamento alla perdita e al sentimento abbandonico evocato dal sisma, (b) una strategia di ipervigilanza in relazione a un nucleo post-traumatico caratterizzato dall’irruzione di sentimenti di angoscia e preoccupazione per la propria sopravvivenza e (c) un processo di scissione relativo a sentimenti di ambivalenza connesso al rapporto con il territorio, vissuto come minaccioso e al contempo idealizzato. Le riflessioni conclusive permettono di formulare ipotesi sull’intervento post-emergenziale a partire dall’azione delle istituzioni nel guidare la ricostruzione post-trauma.

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Viviana Langher, Francesco Marchini, Daniele Brandimarte, Agnese Giacchetta, Andrea Caputo, Trauma e riparazione in una comunità colpita dal sisma: una lettura clinica dinamica per l’intervento post-emergenziale in "PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE" 3/2019, pp 98-121, DOI: 10.3280/PDS2019-003006