This paper analyzes the structure of the public education as far as secondary school is concerned for the Italian case. The empirical study is based on a geographic and econometric approach in order to evaluate the reform process of the school towards the autonomy as well. Data and administrative rules tell us that an ad hoc authority is necessary to implement the reform. Specifically this authority must support the quasi-market of the education where schools gain flexibility (released from bounding and inefficent rules) comparing with the actual local authorities, which manage resources such as funds, human and physical capital.