This essay we discusses in a critical way the thesis according to which the new criteria of "relevance" for historiography should be based on "atemporal" constants which characterized (characterize?) so much of the historical process. We are talking about constants tied to an eschatological dimension. The author believes that eschatology, millenarianism, utopia were extremely important aspects of the long history of human emancipation. He believes and argues, however, that in the specific phase of the process of human liberation tied to labor movement, socialism, Marxism, the eschatological perspective, though existent, is not the prevalent. The "scientific" analysis of the real economic and social movement, based on a radical kind of critical theory, represents the solid base of this experience. This does not eexclude the escatological "mentality", but places it on a different analytical level.
Keywords: Eschatology, utopia, labor movement, socialism, marxism