The system for employment and education in Italy produced inadequate results also due to an inadequate assignment of functions, responsibilities and resources. The role of the State has gradually decreased and the functions assigned by the reformed Title V of the Constitution to the regions have been carried out without any coordination and cause regional models completely distinct and that have produced insufficient results. Italy needs "system actions", which consider the differences between the territories, but which result in higher capacity to connect services, policies, employment, education and development. The failure of the public functions on the employment also corresponds to a lack of role of the private subjets because of too many obstacles and regional systems too different. The problem of the employment in Italy needs a deep reform of the role of the Public Administration, of the State and of the Local Governments as actors of the development.
Keywords: Employment, policies, responsibility.