This paper takes as starting point the role and the objectives that liberalizations, as well as economic regulation, have been playing since the eighties of last centu-ry to current times. The reason is that the current European normative framework of energy systems and of Green New Deal is still the reference model. The growing awareness about the consequences coming from the climate change, combined with the supply of new technologies for energy and contigu-ous sectors, among the various impulses to change, is challenging this reference model. Once outlined the reasons of this challenge and the main open issues of this de-bate, the paper aims to focus on the new role that consumers, firms and finance could have for fostering the actions against climate change as well as for the adoption of these new technologies.
Keywords: economic regulation, energy, environment, impact
Jel Code: A12, A13, B4, I51, Q4