Human Poverty in Rural Communities in Egypt. A Case Study of Al-Sharkia Province

Journal title SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE
Author/s Mady Mohamed
Publishing Year 2021 Issue 2021/124
Language English Pages 29 P. 33-61 File size 568 KB
DOI 10.3280/SUR2021-124003
DOI is like a bar code for intellectual property: to have more infomation click here

Below, you can see the article first page

If you want to buy this article in PDF format, you can do it, following the instructions to buy download credits

Article preview

FrancoAngeli is member of Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA), a not-for-profit association which run the CrossRef service enabling links to and from online scholarly content.

This study examined the nexus between a multi-factor human poverty index and the ur-ban factors. Several communities related issues to poverty were investigated in comparison to the characteristics of urban context such as construction type, the height of buildings, and ac-cess to basic services. Social and urban surveys were used in this study. This research high-lighted several problems such as lack of commercial and industrial activities among the case studies.

Keywords: Human poverty index, Rural communities in Egypt, Al-Sharkia Province, Urban Characteristics, Urban Fabric, socio-economic characteristics.

  1. 24point. Egypt, National and Governorate Capitals. 2018;-- Available from: http://www.24point0.com/ppt-shop/egypt-editable-ppt-map.
  2. Ahmed A., Gasparatos A. (2019). Multi-dimensional energy poverty patterns around industrial crop projects in Ghana: Enhancing the energy poverty alleviation potential of rural development strategies. Energy Policy.
  3. Alkire S., Roche J.M., Vaz A. (2017). Changes Over Time in Multidimensional Poverty: Methodology and Results for 34 Countries. World Development, 94: 232-249.
  4. Antony G.M., V R.K. (2007). A composite index to explain variations in poverty, health, nutritional status and standard of living: Use of multivariate statistical methods. Public Health, 121(8): 578-587.
  5. Arouri M., Ben Youssef A., Nguyen C. (2017). Does urbanization reduce rural poverty? Evidence from Vietnam. Economic Modelling, 60: 253-270.
  6. Bank W. (1981). World Development Report 1981. New York: World Bank.
  7. Basu S., Mallick S. (2008). When does growth trickle down to the poor? The Indian case. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 32(3): 461-477.
  8. Benevenuto R., Caulfield B. (2020). Measuring access to urban centres in rural Northeast Brazil: A spatial accessibility poverty index. Journal of Transport Geography, 82: 102553.
  9. Bloom D., Cunning D., Fink G. (2008). Urbanization and the wealth of nations. Science, 319(5864): 772-775
  10. Breunig R., Majeed O. (2019). Inequality, poverty and economic growth. International Economics
  11. Burchinal M., et al. (2018). Depth, persistence, and timing of poverty and the development of school readiness skills in rural low-income regions: Results from the family life project. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 45: 115-130.
  12. Castaño-Rosa R., et al. (2019). Transferring the index of vulnerable homes: Application at the local-scale in England to assess fuel poverty vulnerability. Energy and Buildings, 203: 109458.
  13. Chen J., et al. (2016). The influences of aging population and economic growth on Chinese rural poverty. Journal of Rural Studies, 47: 665-676.
  14. Chowdhury T.A., Mukhopadhaya P. (2012). Assessment of multidimensional poverty and effectiveness of microfinance-driven government and NGO projects in the rural Bangladesh. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 41(5): 500-512.
  15. Clarke P., Erreygers G. (2020). Defining and measuring health poverty. Soc Sci Med, 244: 112633.
  16. Cuesta J., Chagalj C. (2019). Measuring poverty with administrative data in data deprived contexts: The case of Nicaragua. Economics Letters, 183: 108573.
  17. Dahlan A., Nicol M., Maciver D. (2010). Elements of life satisfaction amongst elderly people living in institutions in Malaysia: A Mixed Methodology Approach. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy, 20(2): 71-79. DOI: 10.1016/S1569-18611170006-
  18. Demery L., Squire L. (1995). Poverty in Africa: an Emerging Picture. Washington, DC: World Bank.
  19. Dempsey N. (2008). Does Quality of the Built Environment Affect Social Cohesion. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Urban Design and Planning.
  20. Dollar D., Kraay A. (2000). Growth Is Good for the Poor. Washington, D.C: World Bank.
  21. Fatani K., Mohamed M., Al-Khateeb S. (2019). Survey Based Sustainable Socio-Cultural Guidelines for Neighbourhood Design in Jeddah. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 385: 012050. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/385/1/01205
  22. Fathy H. (2016). Architecture for the Poor: An Experiment in Rural Egypt. Cairo: The American University of Cairo Press.
  23. Favareto Da Silva A. (2017). The Social Dimension of Rural Statistics. In Technical Report Series GO-17-2017. Rome.
  24. Félix E.G.S., Belo T.F. (2019). The impact of microcredit on poverty reduction in eleven developing countries in south-east Asia. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 52-53: 100590.
  25. Gallup J.L., Sacks J.D., Mellinger A. (1999). Geography and economic development. International Regional Science Review, 22(2): 179-232. DOI: 10.1177/01600179976101233
  26. Gamboa G., Mingorría S., Scheidel A. (2020). The meaning of poverty matters: Trade-offs in poverty reduction programmes. Ecological Economics, 169: 106450.
  27. Ge T., Wang L. (2019). Multidimensional child poverty, social relationships and academic achievement of children in poor rural areas of China. Children and Youth Services Review, 103: 209-217.
  28. Gouveia J.P., Palma P., Simoes S.G. (2019). Energy poverty vulnerability index: A multidimensional tool to identify hotspots for local action. Energy Reports, 5: 187-201.
  29. Group A.D.B. (2019). African Economic Outlook 2019 “Egypt”. African Development Bank
  30. Group U.t.W.B. (2016). Ending extreme poverty: A focus on children. New York & Washington, DC.
  31. Hastings A. (2009). Neighbourhood Environmental Services and Neighbourhood ‘Effects’: Exploring the Role of Urban Services in Intensifying Neighbourhood Problems. Housing Studies, 24(4): 503-524. DOI: 10.1080/0267303090293838
  32. Hayati D., Karami E. (2005). Typology of causes of poverty: The perception of Iranian farmers. Journal of Economic Psychology, 26: 884-901.
  33. Heberle A.E., Carter A.S. (2020). Young children’s stereotype endorsement about people in poverty: Age and economic status effects. Children and Youth Services Review, 108: 104605.
  34. IDSC A.K. (2018). A statement of villages and their dependencies, I.a.D.S.C.i.A.K.C.a. City, Editor.
  35. Inglis G., et al. (2019). Health inequality implications from a qualitative study of experiences of poverty stigma in Scotland. Soc Sci Med, 232: 43-49.
  36. Kahouli S. (2020). An economic approach to the study of the relationship between housing hazards and health: The case of residential fuel poverty in France. Energy Economics, 85: 104592.
  37. Khan H.M. (2000). Rural poverty in developing countries: Issues and policies. In Working Paper 2000, International Monetary Fund. DOI: 10.1080/0022038080226520
  38. Kumar T.K., Mallick S.K., Holla J. (2009). Estimating consumption deprivation in India using survey data: a state-level rural-urban analysis before and during the reform period. The Journal of Development Studies, 45(4): 441–470. DOI: 10.1080/0022038080226520
  39. Laban A.A.M. (2008). A Diagnostic Study of Poverty in Rural Eastern Province. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Economics, XVIII(4).
  40. Li J., Shi Z., Xue E. (2020). The problems, needs and strategies of rural teacher development at deep poverty areas in China: Rural schooling stakeholder perspectives. International Journal of Educational Research, 99: 101496.
  41. Liu Y., Xu Y. (2016). A geographic identification of multidimensional poverty in rural China under the framework of sustainable livelihoods analysis. Applied Geography, 73: 62-76.
  42. Lynch K. (1960). The Image of the City. Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England: The M.I.T. Press
  43. Mahfouz A.M.A., -F. (2011). The Impact of Poverty on the Values of Citizenship in Egyptian Society: A Comparative Field Study in Menoufia Governorate. In Faculty of Arts. Menoufia University.
  44. Mansour A.M.H. (2016). Sustainable youth community development in Egypt. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 55(3): 2721-2728.
  45. Marans R., Stimson R. (2011). Investigating Quality of Urban Life Theory. Methods, and Empirical Research. USA: Springer
  46. Medeiros M., Barbosa R.J., Carvalhaes F. (2019). Educational expansion, inequality and poverty reduction in Brazil: a simulation study. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility: 100458.
  47. Mohamed M., Ecresh A. (2012). Measuring and diagnosing the human and urban poverty in some communities of al- Sharkia Governorate. The National Review of Social Science, 49(1).
  48. Mohamed M. (2002). Analytical study for comprehensive regional development; north of Sinai as a case study, in Architectural Engineering. Al-Minya: University of Al-Minya.
  49. Mohamed M., et al. (2002). A proposal for north of Sinai comprehensive development policies. In The 2nd Minia international conference for advanced trends in engineering. University of Al-Minya: Al-Minya.
  50. Mohamed M., et. al. (2004). Re-planning of Elassaid vilage, Deirb Nejm, Alsharkia. In Villages re-planning. G.I.o.U. Cairo: Planning, Editor. Ministry of Housing, Services, and Urban Society.
  51. Mohamed M., Hussien H., Klingmann A. (2018). Examining the Potential Values of Vernacular Mud Houses in the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia. WIT Transaction on the Built Environment, Islamic Heritage Architecture and Art II, 177: 27-38.
  52. Mohamed M., Shalaby H., El-Menshawy A. (2013). Particpatory Approach in Urban Conservation Projects; a Case Study of Egypt in the Twentieth Century. Engineering Research Journal, 137.
  53. Mohamed M., Fatani K., Khateeb S.A. (2017). Sustainable Socio-Cultural Guidelines for Neighborhood Design in Jeddah. Procedia journal “Environmental Sciences- Green Urbanism”, 37(45): 584 - 593
  54. Mohamed M., Gado T., Osman M. (2010). Investigating the intelligence of the low-tech earth architecture of the Sahara: A feasibility study from the western desert of Egypt. Intelligent Buildings International (IBI), 2(2): 179-197.
  55. Mouratidis K. (2018). Built Environment and Social Well-Being: How Does Urban Form Affect Social Life and Personal Relationships. Cities, 74: 7-20.
  56. Nations U. (2012). World Urbanization Prospects: The 2011 Revision. New York: Population Division, United Nations.
  57. O R., et al. (2017). Urban Design and Quality of Life, in Handbook of Environmental Psychology and Quality of Life Research. In Fleury-Bahi G., N.O., Pol E. (Eds). International Handbooks of Quality-of-Life. Cham: Springer.
  58. Omar K.A.M. (2007). Mechanisms for Adapting Poverty: A Study in Rural Eastern Province. In 9th Annual Conference: Poverty and Poverty in Egypt. Cairo: National Center for Social and Criminal Research.
  59. Padda I.U.H., Hameed A. (2018). Estimating multidimensional poverty levels in rural Pakistan: A contribution to sustainable development policies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 197: 435-442.
  60. Paudel Khatiwada S., et al. (2017). Household Livelihood Strategies and Implication for Poverty Reduction in Rural Areas of Central Nepal. Sustainability, 9(4): 612.
  61. PROGRAMME, U.N.D. (1998) Human Development Report, U.D. Report. New York: Oxford University Press.
  62. Psatha E., Deffner A., Psycharis Y. (2011). Defining the quality of urban life: Which factors should be considered? In 51st Congress of the European Regional Science Association: “New Challenges for European Regions and Urban Areas in a Globalised World”. Barcelona, Spain.
  63. Putrik P., et al. (2015). Living environment matters: relationships between neighborhood characteristics and health of the residents in a Dutch municipality. Journal of Community Health, 40(1): 47-56.
  64. Qi D., Wu Y. (2015). A multidimensional child poverty index in China. Children and Youth Services Review, 57: 159-170.
  65. Radosavljevic S., et al. (2020). Effective alleviation of rural poverty depends on the interplay between productivity, nutrients, water and soil quality. Ecological Economics, 169: 106494.
  66. Ravallion M., Chen S. (2019). Global poverty measurement when relative income matters. Journal of Public Economics, 177: 104046.
  67. Robles Aguilar G., Sumner A. (2020). Who are the world’s poor? A new profile of global multidimensional poverty. World Development, 126: 104716.
  68. Sen A. (1982). Poverty and Famines: an Essay on Entitlements and Deprivation.
  69. Sen A. (1985). Well-being, agency and freedom: the Dewey lectures 1984. The Journal of Philosophy, 82(4): 169-221. DOI: 10.2307/202618
  70. Sewell S.J., et al. (2019). A comparative study of community perceptions regarding the role of roads as a poverty alleviation strategy in rural areas. Journal of Rural Studies, 71: 73-84.
  71. Shafiq M. (2005). The Social Dimension of the National Program for Rural Development (Shorouq) on the Population of the Rural Community in Some Villages of Dakahlia Governorate, in Faculty of Agriculture. 2005, Mansoura University.: Egypt.
  72. Shawawra A.M. (2008). Poverty and Unemployment and their Impact on Human Development in Jordan. In The Thirty-eighth Conference on Population and Development Issues (Reality and Challenges). Demographic Center, Cairo Institute of Planning.
  73. Sodiq A., et al. (2019). Towards Modern Sustainable Cities: Review of Sustainability Principles and Trends. Journal of Cleaner Production.
  74. Ststistics, G.A.f.P.M.a.A. (2018). Annual Statistical Book 2018. Cairo, Egypt: GAPMAS.
  75. UNDP, E. Institute of National Planning (2010). Egypt Human Development Report 2010: Youth in Egypt: Building our Future.
  76. UNDP (1997). Human Development Report 1997. New York.
  77. UNDP (2016). Human Development Report 2016: Human Development for Everyone. In Human Development Report Jahan S. (Ed). New York, USA.
  78. UNDP (2018). Human Development Indicies and Indicators 2018 ststictical Update: Briefing note for countries on the 2018 Statistical Update “Egypt”.
  79. Vollmer F., et al. (2017). Charcoal income as a means to a valuable end: Scope and limitations of income from rural charcoal production to alleviate acute multidimensional poverty in Mabalane district, southern Mozambique. World Development Perspectives, 7-8: 43-60.
  80. Wang Y., Li Y. (2019). Promotion of degraded land consolidation to rural poverty alleviation in the agro-pastoral transition zone of northern China. Land Use Policy, 88: 104114.
  81. Wu X., et al. (2019). Research on the Intergenerational Transmission of Poverty in Rural China Based on Sustainable Livelihood Analysis Framework: A Case Study of Six Poverty‐Stricken Counties. Sustainability, 11(8): 2341.
  82. Zhang H., et al. (2019). Multi-dimensional poverty measurement for photovoltaic poverty alleviation areas: Evidence from pilot counties in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 241: 118382.
  83. Zhou Y., Liu Y. (2019). The geography of poverty: Review and research prospects. Journal of Rural Studies, 2019.

  • Engineering Solutions Toward Sustainable Development Shaimaa R. Nosier, Nancy M. Badawy, pp.593 (ISBN:978-3-031-46490-4)
  • Cities of the Future Amani Ahmad Aburuzaiza, Mady Mohamed, Tarek Saad Ragab, pp.209 (ISBN:978-3-031-15459-1)

Mady Mohamed, Human Poverty in Rural Communities in Egypt. A Case Study of Al-Sharkia Province in "SOCIOLOGIA URBANA E RURALE" 124/2021, pp 33-61, DOI: 10.3280/SUR2021-124003