Teacher-student interactions: Measurement, impacts, improvement, and policy

Titolo Rivista RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA
Autori/Curatori Robert C. Pianta
Anno di pubblicazione 2019 Fascicolo 2019/1
Lingua Inglese Numero pagine 14 P. 69-82 Dimensione file 197 KB
DOI 10.3280/RIP2019-001005
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An increasingly robust science of classroom processes identifies teacher-student interactions as a key asset for improving student learning and develop-ment. Observational methods to assess interactions are proving useful in both research and application, used as the basis for professional development models, specifically coaching, that improve both interactions and student learning, as shown in experimental trials. Existing research shows promise for conceptualiz-ing, measuring, and improving teachers’ interactions with students, but a number of gaps remain. The science needs to be extended, with more replication across grades and contexts. Also, the science needs to link to contemporary work in de-velopmental neuroscience and physiology. Investments in that scientific work will pay off in future years; however, enough is known currently to take policy action, at state and federal levels, pertaining to teacher performance assessment, accountability, and teacher preparation.

Evidenze scientifiche sempre più solide dei processi che si verificano nelle classe scolastiche hanno identificato nelle interazioni insegnante-studente una risorsa chiave per migliorare l’apprendimento e lo sviluppo. Misure osservative per valutare l’interazione si sono rivelate utili sia a livello di ricerca sia di interven-to, costituendo le basi per modelli di sviluppo professionali, nello specifico di coaching, in grado di migliorare sia le interazioni sia i processi di apprendimento, come mostrato da numerose evidenze sperimentali. La ricerca esistente promette di concettualizzare, misurare e migliorare le interazioni degli insegnanti con gli studenti, ma rimangono alcune lacune. La ricerca scientifica deve essere amplia-ta, con maggiori repliche tra i diversi gradi di scuola e nei diversi contesti. Inoltre, la ricerca scientifica deve collegarsi al lavoro contemporaneo nelle neuroscienze dello sviluppo e nella fisiologia dello sviluppo. Gli investimenti in questo ambito scientifico ci ripagheranno negli anni futuri; tuttavia, le conoscenze attuali sono sufficienti per intraprendere azioni politiche, a livello statale e federale, per quan-to concerne la valutazione delle prestazioni degli insegnanti, la loro responsabilità e la loro preparazione.

Keywords:Relazione educativa, interazione alunno-insegnante, apprendi-mento, coaching-intervento

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Robert C. Pianta, Teacher-student interactions: Measurement, impacts, improvement, and policy in "RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA " 1/2019, pp 69-82, DOI: 10.3280/RIP2019-001005