Esordi psicotici in adolescenza e giovane età adulta: prospettive teoriche e di trattamento

Titolo Rivista RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA
Autori/Curatori Federica Paterlini
Anno di pubblicazione 2022 Fascicolo 2022/3
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 30 P. 31-60 Dimensione file 259 KB
DOI 10.3280/RSF2022-003003
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FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

La letteratura scientifica, negli ultimi anni, è sempre più costellata di articoli che trattano il tema del riconoscimento e dell’intervento precoce evidenziandone l’importanza al fine di intercettare il malessere dei giovani e ridurre la loro sofferenza soggettiva, il rischio di transizione alla psicosi e ridurne la successiva disabilità. Da una meta-analisi su larga scala è stato rilevato che il 12,3% dei disturbi psicotici si verifica prima dei 18 anni e il 47,8% prima dei 25, con un picco di insorgenza a 20,5 anni [1]. Una parte di questi disturbi ha il suo esordio anche prima dei 18 anni. È ormai noto che il periodo prodromico in cui emergono sintomi sottosoglia e aspecifici può essere anche di oltre 10 anni. A fronte di ciò è utile valutare il rischio di esordio psicotico nella fase adolescenziale. I servizi che si occupano di minori dovrebbero, sempre più, avere uno sguardo rivolto anche a ciò che emerge prima del disturbo psicotico, a quei fenotipi a rischio di transizione. Obiettivo di questo lavoro è analizzare, senza la presunzione di esser esaustivo, quali modelli di valutazione precoce sono utilizzabili per l’adolescenza e la giovane età al fine di riconoscere, valutare e aiutare giovani help seeker a rischio di sviluppare psicosi e conoscere quali sono, ad oggi, i possibili trattamenti psicosociali attivabili nei servizi al fine di prendersi cura di questa fascia di popolazione che sperimenta angoscia e stigmatizzazione causate dalla loro condizione già al momento in cui si rivolgono ai servizi [2-5]. Non verrà trattato l’aspetto psicofarmacologico di pertinenza dei colleghi psichiatri e neuropsichiatri. La ricerca deve continuare per poter fornire più risposte ai clinici che quotidianamente incontrano la sofferenza di ragazzi e famiglie e avere ulteriori risposte alle domande relative alla miglior identificazione e ai più efficaci trattamenti psicosociali.;

Keywords:Esordio psicotico, rischio ultra-alto, intervento precoce, riconoscimento precoce, trattamento psicosociale.

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Federica Paterlini, Esordi psicotici in adolescenza e giovane età adulta: prospettive teoriche e di trattamento in "RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA" 3/2022, pp 31-60, DOI: 10.3280/RSF2022-003003