Landscape: A Missing Tile in the Notion of Milieu

Journal title SCIENZE REGIONALI
Author/s Augusto Cusinato
Publishing Year 2015 Issue 2015/2
Language Italian Pages 28 P. 5-32 File size 239 KB
DOI 10.3280/SCRE2015-002001
DOI is like a bar code for intellectual property: to have more infomation click here

Below, you can see the article first page

If you want to buy this article in PDF format, you can do it, following the instructions to buy download credits

Article preview

FrancoAngeli is member of Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA), a not-for-profit association which run the CrossRef service enabling links to and from online scholarly content.

Exit from the union between Fordism and Keynesianism has been accompanied by the rediscovery of the meso-economic dimension, which is representative of the system of extra-market relations favourable to the ‘production’ and diffusion of knowledge and innovation. What distinguishes the notion of milieu from other contiguous notions that aim to explain the specific outcome of the meso dimension is the importance it attributes to the role of the structural components and the connected generative power in collective learning processes. The singular circumstance that the interpretation of milieu given by regional science does not mention the Durkheim’s seminal notion suggests the usefulness of a comparative examination. The outcome is that, whilst both notions converge towards a common representation, they both stop at the threshold of a key notion − landscape − with critical consequences at the interpretative and the normative level.

Keywords: Mesoeconomics; milieu; landscape.

Jel codes: B29, O10, R19.

  1. Arena R., 2008, ≪On the Relations between Economics and Sociology: Marshall and Schumpeter≫. In: Shionoya Y., Nishizawa T. (eds.), Marshall and Schumpeter on Evolution: Economic Sociology of Capitalist Development. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 65-92. Arrow K.J., Debreu G., 1954, ≪The Existence of an Equilibrium for a Competitive Economy≫, Econometrica, 22, 3: 265-290.
  2. Aydalot Ph., 1985, Economie Regionale et Urbaine. Paris: Economica.
  3. Aydalot Ph., 1987, ≪Les technologies nouvelles et les formes actuelles de la division spatiale du travail≫. Dossier du Centre Economie Espace Environnement n. 47. Paris: Universite Paris 1 ≪Pantheon-Sorbonne≫.
  4. Aydalot Ph., 2006 [1986], ≪Milieux innovateurs en Europe≫. Paris: gremi. In: Camagni R., Maillat D. (eds.), Milieux innovateurs: Theorie et politiques. Paris: Economica: 20-41.
  5. Bateson G., 1972, Steps to an Ecology of Mind: Collected Essays in Anthropology, Psychology, Evolution, and Epistemology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  6. Becattini G.. ed., 1975, Lo sviluppo economico della Toscana: con particolare riguardo all’industrializzazione leggera. Firenze: irpet.
  7. Becattini G., ed., 1987, Mercato e forze locali: il distretto industriale. Bologna: il Mulino.
  8. Berque A., 1985, ≪Milieu, trajet de paysage et determinisme geographique≫. Espace geographique, 14, 2: 99-104.
  9. Berque A., 2013, Thinking Through Landscape. New York: Routledge.
  10. Bodin J., 1579, Les six livres de la Republique. Paris: Jacques du Puys.
  11. Bohme G., 1993, ≪Atmosphere as the Fundamental Concept of a New Aesthetics ≫. Thesis Eleven, 36, 1: 113-126.
  12. Buttimer A., 1971, Society and Milieu in the French Geographic Tradition. Chicago: Rand McNally & Co.
  13. Camagni R., ed., 1991, Innovation Networks: Spatial Perspectives. London: Belhaven Press.
  14. Camagni R., 2012, ≪Creativity, Culture and Urban Milieux≫. In: Fusco Girard L., Baycan T., Nijkamp P. (eds.), Sustainable City and Creativity: Promoting Creative Urban Initiatives. Aldershot: Ashgate, 183-198.
  15. Camagni R., Maillat D., eds., 2006, Milieux innovateurs: Theorie et politiques. Paris: Economica.
  16. Cohen W.M., Levinthal D.A., 1990, ≪Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation≫. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 1: 128-152.
  17. Coleman J.S., 1988, ≪Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital≫. The American Journal of Sociology, 94, supplement: ≪Organizations and Institutions: Sociological and Economic Approaches to the Analysis of Social Structure: S95-S120≫.
  18. Cooke Ph., De Laurentis C., MacNeill S., Collinge C., eds., 2010, Platforms of Innovation: Dynamics of New Industrial Knowledge Flows. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  19. Corboz A., 1983, ≪Le territoire comme palimpseste≫. Diogene, 121: 14-35.
  20. Corboz A., 2009, De la ville au patrimoine urbain: histoires de forme et de sens. Quebec: Presses de l’Universite du Quebec.
  21. Cusinato A., 2007, ≪Da agglomerazione a milieu: L’interpretazione della citta nell’economia urbana, a partire dai manuali pubblicati in Italia≫. Scienze Regionali, 6, 3 (special issue): 41-65.
  22. Cusinato A., 2013, Analytical Tools for the Knowledge Economy: Towards a Hermeneutic Approach. International Workshop on ≪Creative Milieus in Europe≫. Venice: Iuav University, July 12th. Czarnitzki D., Hottenrott H., 2009, ≪Are Local Milieus the Key to Innovation Performance? ≫. Journal of Regional Science, 49, 1: 81-112. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9787.2008.00584.x
  23. D’Onofrio R., 2014, Paesaggi & Piani. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
  24. de Saussure F., 1916, Cours de linguistique generale. Lausanne: Payot.
  25. Dembski S., 2013, ≪In Search of Symbolic Markers: Transforming the Urbanized Landscape of the Rotterdam Rijnmond≫. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 37, 6: 2014-2034. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.2011.01103.x
  26. Dembski S., Salet W., 2010, ≪The Transformative Potential of Institutions: How Symbolic Markers can institute New Social Meaning in Changing Cities≫. Environment and Planning A, 42, 3: 611-625. DOI: 10.1068/a42184
  27. Dopfer K., 2006, The Origins of Meso Economics: Schumpeter’s Legacy. Papers on ≪Economics and Evolution, N. 0610≫. Max Planck Institute of Economics.
  28. Dopfer K., 2007, ≪The Pillars of Schumpeter’s Economics: Micro, Meso, Macro≫. In: Hanusch H., Pyka A. (eds.), Elgar Companion to Neo-Schumpeterian Economics. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 65-77.
  29. Durkheim E., 1895, Le regles de la methode sociologique. Paris: Alcan. Durkheim E., 1898, ≪Notes sur la morphologie sociale≫. L’annee Sociologique, 2: 521-522.
  30. Durkheim E., 1982, The Rules of Sociological Method and Selected Texts on Sociology and its Method (edited by S. Lukes). New York: Free Press.
  31. Durkheim E., Mauss M., 1901-1902, ≪De quelques formes primitives de classification. Contribution a l’etude des representations collectives≫ L’annee Sociologique: 1-72.
  32. Emirbayer M., ed., 2008, Emile Durkheim: Sociologist of Modernity. Oxford: Blackwell.
  33. Farinelli F., 2003, Geografia. Un’introduzione ai modelli del mondo. Torino: Einaudi.
  34. Freeman C., 2007, ≪A Schumpeterian Renaissance?≫. In: Hanusch H., Pyka A. (eds.), Elgar Companion to Neo-Schumpeterian Economics. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 130-141.
  35. Gane M., 2011, On Durkheim’s Rules of Sociological Method. New York: Routledge.
  36. Garofoli G., 1992, Endogenous Development and Southern Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate.
  37. Giaconi C., 2008, Le vie del costruttivismo. Roma: Armando.
  38. Gibbons M., Limoges C., Nowotny H., Schwartzman S., Scott P., Trow M., 1994, The New Production of Knowledge: The Dynamics of Science and Research in Contemporary Societies. London: Sage.
  39. Granovetter M., 1973, ≪The Strength of Weak Ties≫. American Journal of Sociology, 78, 6: 1360-1380. DOI: 10.1086/225469
  40. Gulbrandsen M., 2004, ≪Accord or Discord? Tensions and Creativity in Research ≫. In: Sven H., Allwood C.M., Martin B.R. (eds.), Creative Knowledge Environments: The Influences on Creativity in Research and Innovation. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 31-57.
  41. Hanusch H., Pyka A., eds., 2007, Elgar Companion to Neo-Schumpeterian Economics.
  42. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Huizinga J., 1944, Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play-Element in Culture. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
  43. Jakob M., 2012, ≪Natura, storia, paesaggio≫. In: Dubbini R. (a cura di), Paesaggi e storia. Venezia: Marsilio: 33-49.
  44. Keynes J.M., 1936, The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. Cambridge: Macmillan Cambridge U.P.
  45. Lane D.A., Maxfield R., 2004, Ontological Uncertainty and Innovation. Sfi Working Paper: 2004-06-014. http://www.santafe.edu/media/workingpapers/04-06-014.pdf.
  46. Levi-Strauss C., 1966, The Savage Mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  47. Low M., 2008, ≪The Constitution of Space: The Structuration of Spaces Through the Simultaneity of Effect and Perception≫. European Journal of Social Theory, 11, 1: 25-49. DOI: 10.1177/1368431007085286
  48. Lucas R.E., 1988, ≪On the Mechanism of Economic Development≫. Journal of Monetary Economics, 22, 1: 3-42. DOI: 10.1016/0304-3932(88)90168-7
  49. Lundvall B.A., ed., 1992, National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning. London: Pinter.
  50. Lyon P., Keijzer F.A., 2007, The Human Stain: Why Cognitivism Can’t Tell Us What Cognition Is & What It Does. University of Groningen Digital Archive. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/dbi/4acb085e72ca9.
  51. Marshall A., 1898, Elements of Economics of Industry, being the First Volume of Elements of Economics. London: MacMillan & Co.
  52. Marshall A., 1919, Industry and Trade: A Study of Industrial Technique and Business Organization; and of Their Influences on the Conditions of Various Classes and Nations. London: MacMillan & Co.
  53. Marshall A., Marshall M.P., 1879, The Economics of Industry. London: Mac-Millan & Co. Massey D., 2005, For Space. London: Sage.
  54. Mauss M., 1924, ≪Appreciation sociologique du bolchevisme≫. Revue de Metaphysique et de Morale, 31, 1: 103-132.
  55. McCoy J.M., Evans G.W., 2002, ≪The Potential Role of the Physical Environment in Fostering Creativity≫. Creativity Research Journal, 14, 3: 409-426. DOI: 10.1207/S15326934CRJ1434_11
  56. Meusburger P., Funke J., Wunder E., eds., 2009, Milieus of Creativity: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Spatiality of Creativity. New York: Springer.
  57. Morgan K., 1997, ≪The Learning Region: Institutions, Innovation and Regional Renewal≫ Regional Studies, 31, 5: 491-503. DOI: 10.1080/00343409750132289
  58. Oliva G., 2012, Architettura e paesaggio. Riflessioni. Roma: Edizioni Nuova Cultura.
  59. Peirce C.S., 1934, Collected Papers, Volume 5. Cambridge, MA: Harvard U.P.
  60. Perrin J.-C., 2006 [1995], ≪Apprentissage collectif, territoire et milieu innovateur: Un nouveau paradigme pour le developpement≫. In: Camagni R., Maillat D. (dir.), Milieux innovateurs: Theorie et politiques. Paris: Economica, 99-128.
  61. Peyrache-Gadeau V., 2006 [1999], ≪La contribution de Philippe Aydalot a l’edification de la theorie des milieux innovateurs≫. In: Camagni R., Maillat D. (dir.) Milieux innovateurs: Theorie et politiques. Paris: Economica, 42-61.
  62. Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos A., 2013, ≪Atmospheres of Law: Sense, Affects, Lawscapes≫. Emotion, Space and Society, 6, 2: 1-10. Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos A., 2015, ≪Milieu, Territory, Atmosphere: New Spaces of Knowledge≫. In: Cusinato A., Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos A. (eds.), Knowledge-creating Milieus in Europe: Firms, Cities, Territories. Berlin: Springer (forthcoming).
  63. Plummer P., 2003, ≪Modelling Economic Landscapes: A Geographical Perspective ≫. Regional Studies, 37, 6-7: 687-695.
  64. Porter M.E., 1998, Clusters and the New Economics of Competition. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
  65. Raffaelli T., Becattini G., Dardi M., 2006, The Elgar Companion to Alfred Marshall. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  66. Redfield R., Singer M.B., 1954, ≪The Cultural Role of Cities≫. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 3, 1: 53-73. DOI: 10.1086/449678
  67. Remy J., 1966, La Ville, phenomene economique. Bruxelles: Vie Ouvriere.
  68. Remy J., 2000, ≪Villes et milieux innovateurs. Une matrice d’interrogations≫. In: Crevoisier O., Camagni R. (dir.) Les milieux urbains: Innovation, systemes de production et ancrage. Neuchatel: irer, 33-43.
  69. Remy J., Voye L., 1992, La ville: vers une nouvelle definition? Paris: L’Harmattan. Romer P.M., 1986, ≪Increasing Returns and Long Run Growth≫. Journal of Political Economy, 94, 5: 1002-1037. DOI: 10.1086/261420
  70. Schumpeter J.A., 1934 [1912], The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest and the Business Cycle. Cambridge, MA: Harvard U.P.
  71. Schumpeter J.A., 1939, Business Cycles: A Theoretical, Historical and Statistical Analysis of the Capitalist Process. 2 voll. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  72. Scott. A.J., 2006, ≪Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Industrial Development: Geography and the Creative Field Revisited≫. Small Business Economics, 26, 1: 1-24. DOI: 10.1007/s11187-004-6493-9
  73. Scott. A.J., 2010, ≪Cultural Economy and the Creative Field of the City≫.
  74. Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography, 92, 2: 115-130. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0467.2010.00337.x
  75. Smith A., 1843 [1776], An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Edinburg: Thomas Nelson.
  76. Storper M., 1995, ≪The Resurgence of Regional Economies, Ten Years Later: The Region as a Nexus of Untraded Interdependencies≫. European Urban and Regional Studies, 2, 3: 191-221. DOI: 10.1177/096977649500200301
  77. Terrier J., 2011, Visions of the Social: Society as a Political Project in France, 1750-1950. Leiden: Brill.
  78. Tornqvist G., 1983, ≪Creativity and the Renewal of Regional Life≫. In: Buttimer A. (ed.), Creativity and Context. Lund: Lund Studies in Human Geography, Ser. B, 50: 91-112.
  79. Turri E., 2006, Il paesaggio come teatro. Dal territorio vissuto al territorio rappresentato. Venezia: Marsilio.
  80. Vaghely I.P., Julien P.-A., 2010, ≪Are Opportunities Recognized or Constructed? An Information Perspective on Entrepreneurial Opportunity Identification≫. Journal of Business Venturing, 25: 73-86. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.06.004
  81. Walras L., 1874, Elements d’economie politique pure. Lousanne: L. Corban.
  82. Watzlawick P., ed., 1984, The Invented Reality: How Do We Know What We Believe We Know? Contributions to Constructivism. New York: Norton. Weber E., Van Bouwel J., 2005, ≪Coping with Inconsistencies: Examples from the Social Sciences≫. Logic and Logical Philosophy, 14: 89-101. DOI: 10.12775/LLP.2005.007

  • Innovare ai margini. micro esperienze di abitare sociale in veneto Alessandro Boldo, in ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI 116/2016 pp.69
    DOI: 10.3280/ASUR2016-116004
  • Il ruolo delle piccole e medie città nell'economia 3.0. Evidenze dal caso italiano Fabiano Compagnucci, Augusto Cusinato, in SCIENZE REGIONALI 2/2016 pp.61
    DOI: 10.3280/SCRE2016-002004

Augusto Cusinato, Il paesaggio, tessera mancante nella nozione di milieu in "SCIENZE REGIONALI " 2/2015, pp 5-32, DOI: 10.3280/SCRE2015-002001