Processi cognitivi complessi e aggressività

Titolo Rivista RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA
Autori/Curatori Tindara Caprì, Rosa Angela Fabio
Anno di pubblicazione 2020 Fascicolo 2020/2
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 34 P. 713-746 Dimensione file 352 KB
DOI 10.3280/RIP2020-002012
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FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

Gli studi presenti in letteratura hanno mostrato l'esistenza di fattori cognitivi, emotivi e genetici che influenzano l'aggressività. Mentre molte ricerche focaliz-zano la loro attenzione sui processi cognitivi sociali, lo scopo del presente studio è quello di indagare la relazione tra processi cognitivi complessi e aggressività. Abbiamo esaminato tale relazione in 236 bambini delle scuole elementari. L’obiettivo principale di questa ricerca è indagare se nei bambini che attuano comportamenti aggressivi, esistono differenze non solo negli aspetti socio-cognitivi (Fase 1 della ricerca), come rilevato dagli studi presentati, ma anche nei processi cognitivi complessi che ne sono alla base, come il pensiero critico ed il problem solving (Fase 2 della ricerca). Sono stati confrontati due gruppi: soggetti aggressivi e di controllo. Abbiamo ipotizzato che i bambini con comportamento aggressivo mostrino capacità di pensiero critico e di problem solving inferiori ri-spetto al gruppo di controllo. I partecipanti erano inizialmente 121 maschi e 115 femmine, di età compresa tra 10 e 11 anni. La ricerca è stata articolata in due fasi distinte. Nella prima sono state somministrate tre scale di self report e una scala di nomina dei pari per valutare rispettivamente: il comportamento aggres-sivo, l’autoefficacia e il disimpegno morale; inoltre due scale sono state sommi-nistrate agli insegnanti per valutare i comportamenti aggressivi, disattentivi e ipe-rattivi dei bambini. Nella seconda fase, 31 bambini sono stati selezionati dal campione iniziale e suddivisi in due gruppi (aggressivo vs controllo). Il pensiero critico e le capacità di problem solving sono stati testati da cinque strumenti. I risultati mostrano un'interessante relazione tra comportamenti aggressivi e le di-mensioni analizzate e rivelano differenze significative tra bambini con compor-tamento aggressivo e gruppo di controllo solo nel pensiero critico, e non nelle ca-pacità di problem solving. I risulati sono stati discussi alla luce della teoria dell'elaborazione delle informazioni sociali, secondo cui le abilità sociali e cogni-tive giocano un ruolo chiave nell'influenzare il comportamento aggressivo.;

Keywords:Processi cognitivi complessi, aggressività, cognizione, pensiero critico, problem solving.

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Tindara Caprì, Rosa Angela Fabio, Processi cognitivi complessi e aggressività in "RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA " 2/2020, pp 713-746, DOI: 10.3280/RIP2020-002012