Health and healthcare in a long-term perspective

Journal title WELFARE E ERGONOMIA
Author/s Maria Giovanna Vicarelli
Publishing Year 2023 Issue 2022/2 Suppl.
Language Italian Pages 11 P. 31-41 File size 234 KB
DOI 10.3280/WE2022-002-S1004
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The considerations offered by the author focus on Norbert Elias’ work and on his configurational approach with respect to which it is argued that three different health and healthcare configurations have followed one another in Italy. The first ‘residual welfare’ (from the Unification to the early 20th century) appears to be characterized by very broad care needs, limited public protection, a narrow conception of health and an asymmetrical therapeutic relation more in favor of patients than of doctors. In the second ‘categorical welfare’ configuration (from fascism to the crisis of the first republic) health, considered in bio-medical terms, is combined with the dominance of the medical profession and with a differentiated mutualistic system based on acute hospital services. The third configuration ‘universalistic and selective welfare’ reaches the year 2020 when the pandemic could lead to a crisis. Here, the bio-psycho-social health model struggles to impose itself, as does the reorganization of public services in universalistic and territorial terms.

Keywords: Configuration; Welfare; Health; Healthcare; Doctors; Patients.

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Maria Giovanna Vicarelli, Salute e sanità in un’ottica di lungo periodo in "WELFARE E ERGONOMIA" 2 Suppl./2022, pp 31-41, DOI: 10.3280/WE2022-002-S1004