L’ipnosi nel controllo del dolore (seconda parte)

Journal title IPNOSI
Author/s Giuseppe De Benedettis
Publishing Year 2013 Issue 2013/2
Language Italian Pages 16 P. 5-20 File size 317 KB
DOI 10.3280/IPN2013-008001
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In the last years there was a growing evidence, documented by numerous tested studies and meta-analysis, of the hypnotic analgesia. The principal clinic application areas of hypnosis concern: a) for example, postoperating pain, "procedural" pain, dental pain, obstetric pain, great burns pain), b) chronic pain, no-oncologic pain (for example chronic primary cephalalgia, orofacial ache, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia), c) oncologic pain. Hypnotic techniques proposed to control the chronic pain are numerous. They are mostly connected to operator creativity, to the quality of the established relationship doctor-patient and to pain characteristics. In fact there are techniques that interpret better the space dimensions of the symptom, others the affective qualities, others more the temporal modules. The introduction of indirect methods (ericksonian) and more sophisticated ones has significatively improved the therapeutic outcomes. Hypnosis, therefore, even if it isn’t a panacea, represents a versatile and precious therapeutic tool for the patient with chronic oncologic pain, capable not only to restructure the pain system, alleviating sufferings, but also acting in a wider therapeutic context, to offer an effective help to the patient’s complex problems.

Negli ultimi anni vi è stata una crescente evidenza, documentata da numerosi studi controllati e meta-analisi, dell’efficacia dell’analgesia ipnotica. I principali ambiti clinici di applicazione dell’ipnosi in algologia riguardano: a) dolore acuto (ad esempio, dolore post-operatorio, dolore "procedurale", dolore odontoiatrico, dolore ostetrico, dolore da grandi ustioni); b) dolore cronico nononcologico (ad esempio, cefalee croniche primarie, algie oro-facciali, dolore neuropatico, fibromialgia); c) dolore oncologico. Numerose sono le tecniche ipnotiche proposte per il controllo del dolore cronico. Esse sono in larga parte legate alla creatività dell’operatore, alla qualità del rapporto medico-paziente instauratosi, alla personalità del paziente ed alle caratte- ristiche del dolore. Vi sono infatti tecniche che interpretano meglio le dimensioni spaziali del sintomo, altre le qualità affettive, altre ancora i moduli temporali. L’introduzione di metodiche indirette (ericksoniane) e più sofisticate ha significativamente migliorato i risultati terapeutici. L’ipnosi, dunque, pur non essendo una panacea, rappresenta un versatile e prezioso strumento terapeutico nel paziente con dolore cronico oncologico, capace non soltanto di ristrutturare il sistema del dolore, alleviando le sofferenze ma, agendo entro un più vasto contesto terapeutico, di offrire un valido aiuto alla soluzione delle complesse problematiche del paziente.

Keywords: Hypnosis, hypnotic analgesia, techniques, clinic studies.

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  • L'uso dell'ipnosi in oncologia: le indicazioni provenienti dalla ricerca Maria Carmela C. Rivelli, Federica Volpi, in IPNOSI 1/2016 pp.15
    DOI: 10.3280/IPN2016-001002

Giuseppe De Benedettis, L’ipnosi nel controllo del dolore (seconda parte) in "IPNOSI" 2/2013, pp 5-20, DOI: 10.3280/IPN2013-008001