The dual city scrutinised: the case of European expats in Brussels

Journal title TERRITORIO
Author/s Linus Vanhellemont, Raf Pauly
Publishing Year 2015 Issue 2015/73
Language English Pages 9 P. 49-57 File size 386 KB
DOI 10.3280/TR2015-073007
DOI is like a bar code for intellectual property: to have more infomation click here

Below, you can see the article first page

If you want to buy this article in PDF format, you can do it, following the instructions to buy download credits

Article preview

FrancoAngeli is member of Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA), a not-for-profit association which run the CrossRef service enabling links to and from online scholarly content.

L’obiettivo dell’articolo è verificare l’ipotesi della ‘dual city’ presentata da Saskia Sassen tramite la comparazione con i risultati di un sondaggio svolto tra i lavoratori della Commissione Europea a Bruxelles. Nella prima parte, si illustrano ipotesi e ricerche della Sassen inerenti il tema della disuguaglianza sociale nella città; in seguito, si espongono i notevoli risultati ottenuti dall’analisi dei dati raccolti da Reinoud Magosse con la supervisione di Eric Corijn(Vub). In conclusione, si afferma che la ‘dual city’ possa essere letta come una realtà complessa dove operano differenti ‘livelli di disuguaglianza’, mostrando come i modelli di vita, lavoro e svago degli espatriati europei si basino su differenze sociali preesistenti, ma pure sviluppino le loro caratteristiche di disuguaglianza all’interno di uno specifico ‘spazio europeo’ localizzato nel cuore di Bruxelles

Keywords: Espatriati europei; Brusseles, dual city

  1. Baeten G., 2001, «The Europeanization of Brussels and the Urbanization of Europe», European Urban and Regional Studies, vol. 8, n. 2, pp. 117-130.
  2. Biot V., Van Hamme G., 2007, Impact socio-économique de la presence de institutions européenne et des autres institutions internationales en Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Igeat, Ulb, Bruxelles.
  3. Bisa, 2014, Mini-Bru 2014 (www.bisa.irisnet.be/publicaties/publicaties-per-reeks/mini-bru).
  4. Carta S., Gonzalez M., 2012, Mapping Connectedness of Global Cities: (www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/visual/globalcities2010.html).
  5. Cassiers T., Kesteloot C., 2012, «Socio-spatial Inequalities and Social Cohesion in European Cities», Urban Studies, vol. 49, n. 9, pp. 1909-1924. DOI: 10.1177/0042098012444888
  6. Cheshire P.C., 2010, «Why Brussels Needs a City Region for the City», in Grauwe D., Van Parijs P. (eds), What Does Geography Teach Us about the Future of Belgium’s Institutions?, Re-Bel e-books, Brussels, pp. 38-48.
  7. Corijn E., De Corte S., De Lannoy W., 2004, From a Multicultural and Fragmented City Towards the Mediterranean Capital of Europe. The Contested Metropolis. Six cities at the Beginning of the 21st Century, Inura, Florence, pp. 78-88.
  8. Corijn E., Vloeberghs E., 2009, Brussel!, Vub Press, Brussel.
  9. Cushman & Wakefield, 2010, European Cities Monitor 2010, London.
  10. Decorte S., De Lannoy W., 1993, «Migraties in Brussel en zijn randgebied in de periode 1988-1972», in Witte E. (ed.). Brusselse Thema’s 1. De Brusselse Rand, Vub Press, Brussel.
  11. Decorte S. et al., 2003, Onderzoek naar de samenhang tussen migratiestromen en het ontstaan en de persistentie van achtergestelde buurten, Vub Geografie en Mens en Ruimte, Brussel.
  12. Elmhorn C., 2001, Brussels, a Reflexive World City, Almquist and Wiksell International, Stockholm.
  13. Epsing-Anderson G., 1990, The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism, Polity Press & Princeton U.P., Cambridge.
  14. Eraydin A., 2008, «The Impact of Globalisation on Different Social Groups: Competitiveness, Social Cohesion and Spatial Segregation in Istanbul», Urban Studies, vol. 45, n. 8, pp. 1663-1691. DOI: 10.1177/0042098008091496
  15. Eurostat, 2014, «Gross Domestic Product (Gdp) Per Inhabitant, in Purchasing Power Standard (Pps), by Nuts 2 Regions, 2011», in Eurostat Regional Yearbook 2014 (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat). European Commission, 2014a, Distribution of Staff by Job Locations (http://ec.europa.eu/civil_service/about/figures/index_en.htm).
  16. European Commission, 2014b, Job Opportunities (http://ec.europa.eu/civil_service/job/index_en.htm).
  17. Europeran Commission, 2014c, Map of Buildings Occupied by the E.C. (http://ec.europa.eu/oib/pdf/building-map_en.pdf).
  18. Favell A., 2001, A Report on the Participation and Integration of European Professionals in the City, working paper, Ipsom, Brussels.
  19. Fainstein S., Gordon I., Harloe M., 1992, eds., Divided Cities, New York and London in the Contemporary World, Blackwell, Oxford.
  20. Friedman J.F., Wolff G., 1982, «World City Formation: An Agenda for Research and Action», International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, vol. 6, n. 3, pp. 309-344. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.1982.tb00384.x
  21. Hamnett C., 1994, «Social Polarisation in Global Cities: Theory and Evidence», Urban Studies, vol. 31, n. 3, pp. 1407-1430. DOI: 10.1080/00420989420080401
  22. Harsman B., 2006, «Ethnic Diversity and Spatial Segregation in the Stockholm Region», Urban Studies, vol. 43, n. 8, pp. 1341-1364. DOI: 10.1080=00420980600776434
  23. Kesteloot C., 1998, The Geography of Deprivation in Brussels and Local Development Strategies, Routledge, London.
  24. Kesteloot C., 2000, «Brussels: Post-Fordist Polarization in a Fordist Spatial Canvas», in Marcuse P., Globalizing Cities: A New Spatial Order?, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp. 186-210.
  25. Kesteloot C., Peleman K., Van der Haegen H., 2000, «The Changing Geography of Foreigners in Belgium, 1991-1999: The Impact of Population and Nationality Changes», Tijdschrift van de Belgische Vereniging voor Aardrijkskundige studies, vol. 69, n. 2, pp. 313-348.
  26. Magosse, 2006, Branding Brussels as the Capital of Europe?, Doctoral dissertation, Vub, Brussels.
  27. Mingione E., 2004, «Poverty and Social Exclusion in European Cities, Diversity and Convergence at the Local Level», Cities, vol. 8, n. 3, pp. 381-389. DOI: 10.1080/1360481042000313482
  28. Mudu P., 2006, «Patterns of Segregation in Contemporary Rome, Urban Geography, vol. 27, n. 5, pp. 422-440. DOI: 10.2747/0272-3638.27.5.422
  29. New York Times, 2013, Clustering Near the Seat of Power (www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/10/18/world/europe/brussels-lobbyists.html).
  30. Ouali N. et al., 2006, Ethnical Topography of the Belgian Labour Market. Employment, Gender, Age and Ethnicity, Université libre de Bruxelles - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Bruxelles, Fondation Roi Baudouin. Ogwb, 2014, Welzijnsbarometer – Brussels armoederapport 2014 (www.observatbru.be/).
  31. Reed H.C., 1981, The Preeminence of International Financial Centers, Praeger, New York.
  32. Sassen S., 1991, The Global City, Princeton U.P., Princeton.
  33. Sassen S., 1994, Cities in a World Economy, Pine Forge Press, London.
  34. Sassen S., 2001, The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo, Princeton U.P., Princeton (2nd ed.)
  35. Silver H., 1993, «National Conceptions of the New Urban Poverty: Social Structural Change in Britain, France and the United States», International Journal for Urban and Regional Research, vol. 17, n. 3, pp. 336-354. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2427.1993.tb00225.x
  36. Statbel, 2014a, Actieve (werkende en werkloze) en inactieve bevolking sinds 1999 op basis van de Enquête naar de ArbeidsKrachten, per jaar, gewest, leeftijdsklasse en onderwijsniveau (http://statbel.fgov.be/).
  37. Statbel, 2014b, Fiscale statistiek van de inkomsten onderworpen aan de belasting van de natuurlijke personen per woonplaats (http://statbel.fgov.be/).
  38. Taylor P., 2008, «Brussels in World City Networks», in De Groof R. (ed.), Brussels and Europe, Academic and Scientific Publishers, Brussels, pp. 61-72.
  39. Taylor P. et al., 2012, The World According to GaWC 2012 (www.lboro.ac.uk/ gawc/ world2012t.html).
  40. Thrift N., 1987, «The Fixers? The Urban Geography of International Commercial Capital», in Henderson J., Castells M. (eds.), Global Restructuring and Territorial Development, Sage, Beverley Hills, CA, pp 203-233.
  41. UN-Habitat, 2004, State of the World’s Cities: Globalization and Urban Culture: 2004/2005, Earthscan, London.
  42. UN-Habitat, 2013, State of the World’s Cities: Prosperity of Cities 2012/2013, Routledge, Cambridge.
  43. Van Criekingen M., 2003, «Les impacts sociaux de la renovation urbaine à Bruxelles: analyse des migrations inter-urbaines», Belgeo, n. 4. pp. 355-376
  44. Vermeulen S., 2009, Needed: An Intelligent and Integrated Vision for Brussels’ Urban Planning, paper presented at 4th International on Hvac, Bejing, China.
  45. Wijkmonitoring, 2014, De Wijkmonitoring van het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest (https://wijkmonitoring.irisnet.be/).

Linus Vanhellemont, Raf Pauly, The dual city scrutinised: the case of European expats in Brussels in "TERRITORIO" 73/2015, pp 49-57, DOI: 10.3280/TR2015-073007