Dipendenze tecnologiche e rischio evolutivo. Confronto tra minori con background migratorio e minori italiani su prevalenza e correlati maladattivi

Titolo Rivista RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA
Autori/Curatori Luca Milani, Giovanni Giulio Valtolina, Diego Boerchi
Anno di pubblicazione 2020 Fascicolo 2020/1
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 30 P. 191-220 Dimensione file 286 KB
DOI 10.3280/RIP2020-001009
Il DOI è il codice a barre della proprietà intellettuale: per saperne di più clicca qui

Qui sotto puoi vedere in anteprima la prima pagina di questo articolo.

Se questo articolo ti interessa, lo puoi acquistare (e scaricare in formato pdf) seguendo le facili indicazioni per acquistare il download credit. Acquista Download Credits per scaricare questo Articolo in formato PDF

Anteprima articolo

FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

L’Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) e stato riconosciuto nella sezione terza del DSM-5 come una nuova dipendenza comportamentale, che appare correlata con alcuni rischi evolutivi quali depressione, ansia, disturbi di attenzione, fobia sociale, disturbi del comportamento e della condotta, basso rendimento scolastico. Di natura affine all’IGD, anche l’Internet Addiction (IA) e stato negli anni studiato come dipendenza comportamentale correlata a un uso incontrollato della Rete con finalita di modulazione dell’umore. L’Internet Addiction e risultata correlata a sua volta con numerosi rischi evolutivi - in parte sovrapponibili a quelli dell’IGD - in chiave internalizzante ed esternalizzante. Considerata la vulnerabilita delle popolazioni migranti alle forme di dipendenza comportamentale come il disturbo da gioco d’azzardo, appare importante verificare se tale vulnerabilita comprenda anche le dipendenze tecnologiche: IGD e IA. Gli obiettivi della presente ricerca sono: 1) ottenere dati di prevalenza di IGD e IA nella popolazione di studenti con background migratorio, 2) evidenziare eventuali differenze in chiave maladattiva correlate alle dipendenze tecnologiche nei minori con background migratorio. 528 studenti (63.6% femmine) con eta variabile tra i 9 e i 20 anni (M = 15.76; DS = 2.176) e frequentanti istituti secondari di primo e secondo grado di quattro citta italiane hanno risposto a una specifica survey sul tema. Il 9.7% degli studenti ha dichiarato di non possedere la cittadinanza italiana. Gli strumenti della survey erano: VGA Questionnaire (VGA) per misurare l’Internet Gaming Addiction; Internet Addiction Test (IAT), per valutare la dipendenza da Internet; Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist-Revised 1 (CCSC-R1) per misurare le strategie di coping in situazioni di difficolta; Test delle Relazioni Interpersonali (TRI) per valutare la qualita delle relazioni sociali in diversi domini. Il 6.1% degli studenti senza cittadinanza italiana soddisfa i criteri diagnostici per l’IGD, contro il 2.0% dei partecipanti italiani, mentre non vi e una differenza statisticamente significativa per quanto riguarda la dipendenza da internet. Il 4.5% dei maschi soddisfa i criteri diagnostici per l’IGD, contro l’1.2% delle femmine, mentre la situazione e opposta per quanto riguarda la dipendenza da internet: 12.2% per le femmine contro l’8.8% dei maschi. I modelli di regressione evidenziano come lo status migratorio, insieme con la tendenza a usare strategie di coping di tipo evitante e distraente, sia un fattore di rischio per lo sviluppo di una dipendenza da videogame. Per quanto riguarda la dipendenza da Internet, al contrario, lo status migratorio non appare un predittore significativo. I risultati di questo studio sembrano indicare una piu alta prevalenza dell’IGD nella popolazione di studenti con cittadinanza non italiana, e confermano come il background migratorio possa essere un potenziale fattore di rischio per lo sviluppo del disturbo.;

Keywords:Internet addiction, internet gaming disorder, migrazione, rischio evolutivo.

  1. Casale, S., Tella, L., & Fioravanti, G. (2013). Preference for online social interactions among young people: Direct and indirect effects of emotional intelligenc e . Personality and Individual Differences, 54(4), 524-529.
  2. Cheng, C., & Li, A. Y. L. (2014). Internet addiction prevalence and quality of (real) life: A meta-analysis of 31 nations across seven world regions. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(12), 755-760.
  3. Chiu, S. I., Lee, J. Z., & Huang, D. H. (2004). Video game addiction in children and teenagers in Taiwan. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7, 5, 571-581.
  4. Choo, H., Gentile, D. A., Sim, T., Li, D., Khoo, A., & Liau, A. K. (2010). Pathological video-gaming among Singaporean youth. Annals Academy of Medicine, 3 9 , 11, 822-829. -- Disponibile online: http://www.annals.edu.sg/pdf/39Vol-No11Nov2010/V39N11p822.pdf.
  5. Cole, S. H., & Hooley, J. M. (2013). Clinical and Personality Correlates of MMO Gaming: Anxiety and Absorption in Problematic Internet Use. Social Science Computer Review, 31, 4, 424-436. DOI: 10.1177/0894439312475280
  6. CONI (2014), “Diffusione, pratica ed implementazione di attivita sportive a favore dei minori stranieri ospiti del sistema di accoglienza nazionale-Prog. 1343”. -- Disponibile online: http://www.fratellidisport.it/ambito-scolastico.html
  7. Dreier, M., Wolfling, K., Duven, E., Giralt, S., Beutel, M. E., & Muller, K. W. (2017). Free-to-play: about addicted whales, at risk dolphins and healthy minnows. Monetarization design and Internet gaming disorder. Addictive Behaviors, 64, 328-333.
  8. Dworak, M., Schierl, T., Bruns, T., & Struder, H. K. (2007). Impact of singular excessive computer game and television exposure on sleep patterns and memory performance of school-aged children. Pediatrics, 120, 5, 978-985.
  9. Ellenbogen, S., Gupta, R., & Derevensky, J. L. (2007). A cross-cultural study of gambling behaviour among adolescents. Journal of Gambling Studies, 23(1), 25-39.
  10. Festl, R., Scharkow, M., & Quandt, T. (2013). Problematic computer game use among adolescents, younger and older adults. Addiction, 108, 3, 592-599.
  11. Gans H. J. (2009). Reflections on symbolic ethnicity. Ethnicities, 9, 1, 123-130
  12. Gentile, D. A., Choo, H., Liau, A., Sim, T., Li, D., Fung, D., & Khoo, A. (2011). Pathological video game use among youths: a two-year longitudinal study. Pediatrics, 127, 2, 319-329.
  13. Gentile, D. A., Swing, E. L., Lim, C. G. & Khoo, A. (2012). Video Game Playing, Attention Problems, and Impulsiveness: Evidence of Bidirectional Causality. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 1, 1, 62-70.
  14. Gainsbury, S. M. (2017). Cultural competence in the treatment of addictions: Theory, practice and evidence. Clinical psychology & psychotherapy, 24, 4, 987-1001.
  15. Gennari, M., & Di Nuovo, S. (Eds.) (2011). Lʼ incontro con lʼaltro: migrazioni e culture familiari. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
  16. Giuliani, C., Tagliabue, S., & Regalia, C. (2018). Psychological Well-Being, Multiple Identities, and Discrimination Among First and Second Generation Immigrant Muslims. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 14, 1, 66-87.
  17. Guarnaccia, P., & Lopez, S. (1998). Mental health and adjustment of immigrant and refugee children. Child Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 7, 537-553. DOI: 10.1016/S1056-4993(18)30228-1
  18. Hayer, T., & Griffiths, M. D. (2016). Gambling. In: T. Gullotta, R. Plant & M. Evans (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent behavioral problems: Evidence-based approaches to prevention and treatment - 2nd ed. (pp. 539-558). New York: Springer.
  19. Hussain, Z., & Griffiths, M. D. (2009). Excessive use of massively multi-player online role-playing games: a pilot study. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 7, 563-571.
  20. ISFE (2012). Videogames in Europe: consumer study. -- Disponibile online: https://www.isfe.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/euro_summary__isfe_consumer_study.pdf
  21. ISMU (2019). Venticinquesimo rapporto sulle migrazioni in Italia. Milano: Franco Angeli.
  22. ISTAT (2019). Cittadini e ICT. Report anno 2019. -- Disponibile online: https://www.istat.it/it/files//2019/12/Cittadini-e-ICT-2019.pdf
  23. Jeong, E .J. & Kim, D. W. (2011). Social activities, self-efficacy, game attitudes, and game addiction. Cyberpsychology, Behavior & Social Networking, 14, 4, 213-221.
  24. Kien, C., Sommer, I., Faustmann, A., Gibson, L., Schneider, M., Krczal, E. & Brattstrom, P. (2018). Prevalence of mental disorders in young refugees and asylum seekers in European Countries: a systematic review. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 10, 1295-1310.
  25. Kim, E. J., Namkoong, K., Ku, T. & Kim, S. J. (2008). The relationship between online game addiction and aggression, self-control and narcissistic personality t r a i t s . E u r o p e a n P s y c h i a t r y , 2 3 , 3 , 2 1 2 - 2 1 8 . DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.10.010.
  26. Kim, Y., Park, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Jung, I.- K., Lim, Y. S., & Kim, J.- H. (2010). The effects of Internet addiction on the lifestyle and dietary behavior of Korean adolescents. Nutrition Research and Practice, 4(1), 51- 57.
  27. Abnormal brain activation of adolescent internet addict in a ball- throwing animation task: Possible neural correlates of disembodiment revealed by fMRI. Progress in Neuro- Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 39(1), 88-95.
  28. King, D. L., Delfabbro, P. H., & Griffiths, M. D. (2011). The role of structural characteristics in problematic video game play: an empirical study. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 9, 3, 320-333.
  29. Kraut, R., Patterson, M., Lundmark, V., Kiesler, S., Mukophadhyay, T., & Scherlis, W. (1998). Internet paradox: A social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological well-being?. American psychologist, 53(9), 1017.
  30. Kuss, D. J. (2013). Internet gaming addiction: current perspectives. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 6, 125-137. DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S39476
  31. Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M.D. (2012). Internet and gaming addiction: a systematic literature review of neuroimaging studies. Brain Sciences, 2, 347-374.
  32. Kuss, D. J., Louws, J., & Wiers, R. W. (2012). Online gaming addiction? Motives predict addictive play behavior in massively multiplayer online role-playing games. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking 15, 9, 480-485.
  33. Lemmens, J. S., Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2011). Psychosocial causes and consequences of pathological gaming. Computers in Human Behavior, 27,1, 144-152.
  34. Lam, L. T., Peng, Z., Mai, J., & Jing, J. (2009). The association between internet addiction and selfinjurious behaviour among adolescents. Injury Prevention, 15(6), 403- 408.
  35. Li, D., Liau, A., & Khoo, A. (2011). Examining the Influence of Actual-Ideal Self-Discrepancies, Depression, and Escapism, on Pathological Gaming Among Massively Multiplayer Online Adolescent Gamers. Cyberpsychology, Be h a v i o r , a n d S o c i a l Ne two r k i n g , 1 4 , 9 , 5 3 5 - 5 3 9 . DOI : 10.1089/cyber.2010.0463
  36. Liau, A. K., Choo, H., Li, D., Gentile, D. A., Sim, T., & Khoo, A. (2015). Pathological video-gaming among youth: a prospective study examining dynamic protective factors. Addiction Research & Theory, 23(4), 301–308. DOI: 10.3109/16066359.2014.987759
  37. Lin, F., Zhou, Y., Du, Y., Qin, L., Zhao, Z., Xu, J., et al. (2012). Abnormal white matter integrity in adolescents with Internet addiction disorder: A tract- based spatial statistics study. Plos One, 7(1).
  38. Linder, J. R., & Werner, N. E. (2012). Relationally aggressive media exposure and children’s normative beliefs: does parental mediation matter? Family Relations, 61(3), 488-500.
  39. Loton, D., Borkoles, E., Lubman, D., & Polman, R. (2016). Video game addiction, engagement and symptoms of stress, depression and anxiety: The mediating role of coping. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 14(4), 565-578.
  40. Marchetti, A., Massaro, D., & Di Dio, C. (2017). The Bodies “at the Forefront”: Mentalization, Memory, and Construction of the Self during Adolescence. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 1502.
  41. Milani, L., & Di Blasio, P. (2019). Internet Gaming Disorder e rischio evolutivo: confronto tra popolazione nazionale e popolazione migrante. XXXII Congresso Nazionale AIP - Sezione di Psicologia dello sviluppo e dell’educazione, Napoli, 23-25 Settembre.
  42. Milani, L., Fumagalli, G. D., & Di Blasio, P. (2015). Parental monitoring and use of violent videogames in adolescence. The 14th European Congress of Psychology, Milano, 8-10 Luglio.
  43. Milani, L., La Torre, G., Fiore, M., Grumi, S., Gentile, D. A., Ferrante, M., Miccoli, S., & Di Blasio, P. (2018). Internet Gaming Addiction in Adolescence: risk factors and maladjustment correlates. International Journal of Mental Health & Addiction, 16(4), 888-904.
  44. Milani, L., Osualdella, D., & Di Blasio, P. (2009). Quality of interpersonal relationships and problematic Internet use in adolescence. CyberPsychology &Behavior, 12(6), 681- 684.
  45. Morahan-Martin, J. & Schumacher, P. (2000). Incidence and correlates of pathological Internet use among college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 16, 13-29. DOI: 10.1016/S0747-5632(99)00049-7
  46. Moro, M. R. (2001). Bambini immigrati in cerca di aiuto: i consultori di psicoterapia transculturale. Torino: UTET Universita.
  47. Moro, M. R. (2005). Bambini di qui venuti da altrove. Saggio di transcultura. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
  48. Moro, M. R. (2014). Parenthood in migration: how to face vulnerability. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 38, 1, 13-27.
  49. Motti-Stefanidi, F. (2018). Resilience among immigrant youth: The role of culture, development and acculturation. Developmental Review, 50, 99-109.
  50. Motti-Stefanidi, F., Pavlopoulos, V., & Asendorpf, J. B. (2018). Immigrant youth acculturation and perceived discrimination: longitudinal mediation by immigrant peers’ acceptance/rejection. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 59, 36-45.
  51. Mentzoni, R. A., Brunborg, G. S., Molde, H., Myrseth, H., Skouveroe, K. J. M., Hetland, J., & Pallesen, S. (2011). Problematic video game use: Estimated prevalence and associations with mental and physical health. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14, 10, 591-596.
  52. Neto, F. (1995). Predictors of satisfaction with life among second generation migrants. Social Indicators Research, 35, 1, 93-116. DOI: 10.1007/BF01079240
  53. Nikken, P., & Jansz, J. (2006). Parental mediation of children’s videogame playing: a comparison of the reports by parents and children, Learning, Media and Technology, 31(2), 181-202. DOI: 10.1080/17439880600756803
  54. Pace, U., D’Urso, G., & Zappulla, C. (2019). Internalizing problems as a mediator in the relationship between low effortful control and internet abuse in adolescence: A three-wave longitudinal study. Computers in Human Behavior, 92, 47-54.
  55. Padilla-Walker, L. M., Coyne, S. M., & Collier, K. M. (2016). Longitudinal relations between parental media monitoring and adolescent aggression, prosocial behavior, and externalizing problems. Journal of adolescence, 46, 86-97.
  56. Park, M.- H., Park, E. J., Choi, J., Chai, S., Lee, J.- H., Lee, C., et al. (2011). Preliminary study of Internet addiction and cognitive function in adolescents based on IQ tests. Psychiatry Research, 190(2- 3), 275- 281.
  57. Pascoe, E., & Richman, L. S. (2009). Perceived discrimination and health: a meta-analytic review. Psychological bulletin, 135, 4, 531-54.
  58. Peters, C. S., & Malesky, L. A. (2008). Problematic usage among highly-engaged players of massively multiplayer online role playing games. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11, 4, 480-483.
  59. Porter, G., Starcevic, V., Berle, D. & Fenech, P. (2010). Recognizing problem video game use. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 44, 2, 120-128.
  60. Portes, A., & Rumbaut, R. G. (2005). Introduction: The second generation and the children of immigrants longitudinal study. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 28, 6, 983-999. DOI: 10.1080/01419870500224109
  61. Portes, A., & Rumbaut, R.G. (2001). Legacies. The story of the immigrant second generation. Berkeley-New York: University of California Press-Russel Sage Foundation.
  62. Premazzi, V. (2010). L’integrazione online. Nativi e migranti fuori e dentro la rete. Rapporto di ricerca, FIERI, Torino.
  63. Regalia, C., Lanz, M. & Cassoni, E. G. M. (2008). Ricongiungimenti familiari nelle seconde generazioni di migranti. In E. Scabini, G. Rossi, a cura di, La migrazione come evento familiare. Milano: Vita e Pensiero, pp. 277- 292.
  64. Regalia, C., & Giuliani, C. (2014). Cosi lontani, cosi vicini. La prospettiva psicosociale nello studio delle famiglie migranti. In AA.VV, Le famiglie di fronte alle sfide dell’immigrazione, Trento: Erikson, pp.153-179. Rehbein, F., Psych, G., Kleimann, M., Mediasci, G., & Mosle, T. (2010). Prevalence
  65. and risk factors of video game dependency in adolescence: results of a German nationwide survey. Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 13, 3, 269-277.
  66. Santagati, M., & Ongini, V. (2016). Alunni con cittadinanza non italiana. La scuola multiculturale nei contesti locali. Rapporto nazionale As 2014/15. Milano: Fondazione ISMU.
  67. Skoric, M. M., Teo, L. L .C., & Neo, R. L. (2009). Children and Video Games: addiction, engagement, and scholastic achievement. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 12, 5, 567-572.
  68. Snodgrass, J. G, Dengah, H. J., Lacy, M.G. & Fagan, J. (2013). A formal anthropological view of motivation models of problematic MMO play: Achievement, social, and immersion factors on the context of culture. Transcultural Psychiatry, 50, 2, 235-262. DOI: 10.1177/1363461513487666
  69. Stevens, G. W., & Vollebergh, W. A. (2008). Mental health in migrant children. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, 49, 3, 276-294.
  70. Stinchfield, R. (2000). Gambling and correlates of gambling among Minnesota public school students. Journal of Gambling Studies, 16(2-3), 153-173. DOI: 10.1023/A:1009428913972
  71. Triberti, S., Milani, L., Villani, D., Grumi, S., Peracchia, S., Curcio, G., & Riva, G. (2018). What matters is when you play: investigating the relationship between video games addiction and time spent playing over specific day phases. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 8, 185-188.
  72. Tsitsika, A., Critselis, E., Louizou, A., Janikian, M., Freskou, A., Marangou, E., et al. (2011). Determinants of Internet addiction among adolescents: A casecontrol study. The Scientific World Journal, 11, 866- 874.
  73. Valtolina, G. G., & Colombo, C. (2012). La ricerca sui ricongiungimenti familiari: una rassegna. Studi Emigrazione/Migration Studies, 49, 185, 129-144.
  74. Valtolina, G. G. (2013). La prospettiva psicologica: identita, appartenenza, cittadinanza. Studi Emigrazione/Migration Studies, 50, 189, 66-81.
  75. Valtolina, G. G. (2014). L’utilizzo delle strategie di coping nei minori stranieri immigrati. Studi Emigrazione/Migration Studies, 51, 195, 445-454.
  76. Valtolina, G. G., Boerchi, D. (2019). L’inserimento socio-lavorativo dei minori stranieri non accompagnati in Italia. Studi Emigrazione/Migration Studies, 56, 58-72.
  77. Van Rooij, A. J., Kuss, D. J., Griffiths, M. D., Shorter, G. W., Schoenmakers, M. T., & Van de Mheen, D. (2014). The (co-)occurrence of problematic video gaming, substance use, and psychosocial problems in adolescents. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3, 3, 157-165. DOI: 10.1556/JBA.3.2014.013
  78. Verkuyten, M. (1998). Perceived discrimination and self-esteem among ethnic minority adolescents, Journal of Social Psychology, 138, 4, 479-493. DOI: 10.1080/00224549809600402
  79. Volpi, B. (2017). Genitori digitali. Bologna: il Mulino. Walsh, S., Shulman, S., & Maurer, O. (2008). Immigration distress, mental health status and coping among young immigrants: A 1-year follow-up study. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 32, 5, 371-384.
  80. Walther, B., Morgenstern, M., & Hanewinkel, R. (2012). Co-occurrence of addictive behaviors: Personality factors related to substance use, gambling and computer gaming. European Addiction Research, 18, 4, 167-174. DOI: 10.1159/000335662
  81. Wang, C. W., Ho, R. T., Chan, C. L., & Tse, S. (2015). Exploring personality characteristics of Chinese adolescents with internet-related addictive behaviors: Trait differences for gaming addiction and social networking addiction. Addictive Behaviors, 42, 32-35.
  82. AESVI (2017). I videogiochi in Italia nel 2017. -- Disponibile online: http://www.aesvi.it/cms/view.php?cms_pk=2898&dir_pk=902.
  83. Wasserstein, R. L, & Lazar, N. A. (2016) The ASA’s Statement onp-Values: Context, Process, and Purpose. The American Statistician, 70, 2, 129-133. DOI: 10.1080/00031305.2016.1154108
  84. Wenzel, H. G., Bakken, I. J., Johansson, A., Gotestam, K. G., & Oren, A. (2009). Excessive computer game playing among Norwegian adults: Self-reported consequences of playing and association with mental health problems. Psychological Reports, 105, 3, 1237-1247. DOI: 10.2466/PR0.105.F.1237-1247
  85. Winnicott, D. W. (1993). Talking To Parents. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  86. Young, K. S. (1998). Internet addiction: the emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 1(3), 237-244.
  87. Young, K. S., & Rodgers, R. C. (1998, April). Internet addiction: Personality traits associated with its development. In 69th annual meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association (pp. 40-50).
  88. Zanfrini, L. (2016). Introduzione alla sociologia delle migrazioni. Roma: Laterza.
  89. Cristini, F., Scacchi, L., Perkins, D. D., Bless, K. D., & Vieno, A. (2015). Drug use among immigrant and non-immigrant adolescents: immigrant paradox, family and peer influences. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 25, 6, 531-548.
  90. AESVI (2017). I videogiochi in Italia nel 2017. -- Disponibile online: -- http://www.aesvi.it/cms/view.php?cms_pk=2898&dir_pk=902.
  91. Allison, S. E., von Wahlde, L., Shockley, T., & Gabbard, G. O. (2006). The development of the self in the era of the internet and role-playing fantasy games. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 3, 381-385.
  92. Ayers, T. S., & Sandler, I. N. (2009). Manual for the children’s coping strategies checklist & the how I coped under pressure scale. Tempe: Arizona State University.
  93. Barbato, M. C., Cristini, F., Scacchi, L., & Santinello, M. (2013). Adolescenti immigrati e comportamenti antisociali: maggiore o minore rischio?. Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, 19, 2, 169-190.
  94. Batthyany, D., Muller, K. W., Benker, F., & Wolfling, K. (2009). Computer game playing: Clinical characteristics of dependence and abuse among adolescents. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 121, 15, 502-509.
  95. Beneduce, R. (2004). Frontiere dell’identita e della memoria: etnopsichiatria e migrazioni in un mondo. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
  96. Berry, J. W. (2006). Acculturative stress. In Handbook of multicultural perspectives on stress and coping (pp. 287-298). New York: Springer. Besozzi, E. (Ed.). (1999). Crescere tra appartenenze e diversita: Una ricerca tra i preadolescenti delle scuole medie milanesi. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
  97. Betancourt, T. S., Frounfelker, R., Mishra, T., Hussein, A. & Falzarano, R. (2015). Addressing health disparities in the mental health of refugee children and adolescents through community-based participatory research: a study in 2 communities. American Journal of Public Health, 105(S3), 475-482. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302504
  98. Bilgin, I. (2017). The consequences of perceived discrimination on internalizing mental health outcomes for immigrant adolescents in OECD countries: A systematic literature review. -- Disponibile online: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5ea6/9b1a7bf1768228864988d468cc980aeedb15.pdf?_ga=2.199160047.1536213142.1578318323-1788499549.1578318323.
  99. Boerchi, D. (2014), La scelta scolastica degli studenti immigrati di seconda generazione, Studi Emigrazione/Migration Studies, 51, 195, 427-444.
  100. Bracken, B. A. (1997). Test TRI: test delle relazioni interpersonali. Erickson. Brunborg, G. S., Mentzoni, R. A., & Froyland, L. R. (2014). Is video gaming, or video game addiction, associated with depression, academic achievement, heavy episodic drinking, or conduct problems? Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3, 1, 27-32. DOI: 10.1556/JBA.3.2014.002
  101. Bui, H. N. (2012). Immigrant generational status and delinquency in adolescence: Segmented assimilation and racial-ethnic differences. In C. G. Coll & A. K.
  102. Marks, a cura di, The immigrant paradox in children and adolescents: Is becoming American a developmental risk? Washington: American Psychological Association, pp. 135-158.
  103. Camisasca, E., Caravita, S., Milani, L., & Di Blasio, P. (2012). The Children’s Coping Strategies Checklist-Revision1: A validation study in the Italian population.
  104. TPM: Testing, Psychometrics, Methodology in Applied Psychology, 19(3). DOI: 10.4473/TPM19.3.4
  105. Camisasca, E., Miragoli, S., Milani, L. & Di Blasio, P. (2016). Adattamento di coppia, cogenitorialita e adattamento psicologico dei figli: uno studio esplorativo. Psicologia della Salute, 2, 127-141. DOI: 10.3280/PDS2016-002007
  106. Canale, N., Vieno, A., Griffiths, M. D., Borraccino, A., Lazzeri, G., Charrier, L. & Caplan, S. E. (2007). Relations Among Loneliness, Social Anxiety, and Problema t i c Internet Use. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 10(2), 234-242.
  107. Caplan, S., Williams, D. & Yee, N. (2009). Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being among MMO players. Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 6, 1312-1319.

  • Migrazioni e psicologie. Introduzione al Forum Alessandro Antonietti, Antonella Marchetti, in RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA 1/2020 pp.13
    DOI: 10.3280/RIP2020-001002
  • Factorial structure of the Internet Gaming Disorder questionnaire in the Italian setting: a single-factored ailment or a multifaceted condition? Luca Milani, Douglas A. Gentile, in European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry /2024 pp.2657
    DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02322-5

Luca Milani, Giovanni Giulio Valtolina, Diego Boerchi, Dipendenze tecnologiche e rischio evolutivo. Confronto tra minori con background migratorio e minori italiani su prevalenza e correlati maladattivi in "RICERCHE DI PSICOLOGIA " 1/2020, pp 191-220, DOI: 10.3280/RIP2020-001009