Infrastrutture digitali, governance e trasformazioni del lavoro

Titolo Rivista SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO
Autori/Curatori Francesca Musiani
Anno di pubblicazione 2022 Fascicolo 2022/163
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 20 P. 70-89 Dimensione file 234 KB
DOI 10.3280/SL2022-163004
Il DOI è il codice a barre della proprietà intellettuale: per saperne di più clicca qui

Qui sotto puoi vedere in anteprima la prima pagina di questo articolo.

Se questo articolo ti interessa, lo puoi acquistare (e scaricare in formato pdf) seguendo le facili indicazioni per acquistare il download credit. Acquista Download Credits per scaricare questo Articolo in formato PDF

Anteprima articolo

FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

Nel corso dell’ultimo decennio, gli studi sociali della scienza e della tecnologia (science and technology studies o STS), in particolar modo gli infrastructure studies, hanno contribuito ad aprire nuovi orizzonti di ricerca relativi allo studio della governance delle tecnologie che strutturano le nostre società digitalizzate. Questi contributi suggeriscono che il potere e del controllo negli ambienti digitali si esercitano in modi spesso informali e poco codificati, nonché discreti o addirittura invisibili per numerosi attori sociali. Questo articolo si propone di fornire un panorama dei modi in cui gli infrastructure studies si stanno avvicinando alle tematiche delle trasformazioni del lavoro nell’era digitale e più specificamente alle ricerche sul digital labor. Dopo una parte introduttiva consacrata alla presentazione degli infrastructure studies come mezzo di analisi delle infrastrutture digitali come strumenti di governance, l’articolo discute tre campi di analisi in cui tali prospettive vengono ad incrociare gli studi interdisciplinari del lavoro digitale: la comprensione del digital labor come "infrastruttura umana", l’analisi dei fenomeni di "governance algoritmica" nelle trasformazioni del lavoro, e l’esame della "platform governance" in relazione al lavoro digitale. L’articolo conclude con qualche riflessione sulle evoluzioni attuali di Internet come "meta-infrastruttura" della maggior parte delle altre infrastrutture critiche, e sul legame tra questo fenomeno e trasformazioni del lavoro.;

Keywords:infrastrutture, governance, digitale, lavoro

  1. Denis J., Pontille D. (2013). Une infrastructure élusive. Aménagements cyclables et troubles de la description dans OpenStreetMap. Réseaux, 2: 91-125.
  2. Alexandrov I.A., Tatarkanov A.A., Sannikov A.S. (2020). Development of Algorithms of Automated Products Quality Control System in Technological Processes of Machining. In: Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference Quality Management, Transport and Information Security, Information Technologies (ITeQM&IS), September: 176-179.
  3. Badouard R. (2020). Les nouvelles lois du Web: modération et censure. Paris: Seuil.
  4. Bernards N., Campbell-Verduyn, M. (2019). Understanding technological change in global finance through infrastructures: Introduction to Review of International Political Economy Special Issue ‘The Changing Technological Infrastructures of Global Finance’. Review of International Political Economy, 26(5): 773-789. DOI: 10.1080/09692290.2019.162542
  5. Blanchette J.-F. (2011). A material history of bits. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 62(6): 1042-1057.
  6. Bowker G.C., Baker K., Millerand F., Ribes D. (2010). Toward Information infrastructure Studies: Ways of Knowing in a Networked Environment. In: Hunsinger J., Klastrup L., Allen M., editors, International Handbook of Internet Research. London: Springer.
  7. Bucher E., Fieseler C. (2017). The flow of digital labor. New media & society, 19(11): 1868-1886. DOI: 10.1177/146144481664456
  8. Cardon D., Casilli A.A. (2015). Qu'est-ce que le digital labor?. Paris: Ina.
  9. Casilli A.A. (2020). Schiavi del clic: perché lavoriamo tutti per il nuovo capitalismo?. Milano: Feltrinelli.
  10. Cheniti T. (2009). Global Internet Governance in Practice. Mundane Encounters and Multiple Enactments. Unpublished DPhil Thesis, University of Oxford.
  11. Collier R.B., Dubal V., Carter C. (2017). The regulation of labor platforms: the politics of the Uber economy. Report, The Kauffman Foundation. -- Testo disponibile a: http://brie.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/reg-of-labor-platforms.pdf (data consultazione 10 aprile 2022).
  12. DeNardis L. (2020). The Internet in Everything. Freedom and Security in a World with No Off Switch. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  13. DeNardis L., Musiani F. (2016). Introduction: Governance by Infrastructure. In: Musiani F., Cogburn D.L., DeNardis L., Levinson N. S., editors, The Turn to Infrastructure in Internet Governance. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  14. De Stefano V. (2018). “Negotiating the algorithm”: Automation, artificial intelligence and labour protection, International Labour Organization, Working Paper n° 246. -- Testo disponibile a: www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_emp/---emp_policy/documents/publication/wcms_634157.pdf.
  15. Denis J., Pontille D. (2012). Travailleurs de l’écrit, matières de l'information. Revue d’anthropologie des connaissances, 6(1): 1-20.
  16. Drugău-Constantin A.L. (2018). Non-Employment Work Arrangements in Digital Labor Marketplaces: Who’s Fooling Who?. Journal of self-governance and management economics, 6(3): 136-142. DOI: 10.22381/JSME632018
  17. Farshchian B.A. (2019). Collaboration as Commodity: What does CSCW have to offer?. In: Proceedings of 17th European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work.
  18. Farshchian B.A., Thomassen H.E. (2019). Co-creating platform governance models using boundary resources: A case study from dementia care services. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 28(3): 549-589.
  19. Fieseler C., Bucher E., Hoffmann C.P. (2019). Unfairness by design? The perceived fairness of digital labor on crowdworking platforms. Journal of Business Ethics, 156(4): 987-1005.
  20. Fish A., Srinivasan R. (2012). Digital labor is the new killer app. New Media & Society, 14(1): 137-152. DOI: 10.1177/146144481141215
  21. Fuller M. (2008). Software Studies: A Lexicon. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
  22. Galperin H., Greppi C. (2017). Geographical discrimination in digital labor platforms. SSRN Electronic Journal. -- Testo disponibile a: https://annenberg.usc.edu/sites/default/files/2017/11/27/Geographical%20Discrimination%20Galperin%20%26%20Greppi.pdf.
  23. Garnham N. (1998). Information society theory as ideology: A critique. Loisir et société/Society and Leisure, 21(1): 97-120. DOI: 10.1080/07053436.1998.1071556
  24. Gen M., Lin L., Yun Y., Inoue H. (2018). Recent advances in hybrid priority-based genetic algorithms for logistics and SCM network design. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 125: 394-412.
  25. Gerber C., Krzywdzinski M. (2019). Brave New Digital Work? New Forms of Performance Control in Crowdwork. In: Vallas S.P., Kovalainen A., editors, Work and Labor in the Digital Age. Bingley: Emerald Publishing.
  26. Gillespie T. (2014). The relevance of algorithms. In: Gillespie T., Boczkowski P.J., Foot K. A., editors, Media Technologies. Essays on Communication, Materiality, and Society. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
  27. Gol E. S., Stein M.K., Avital M. (2019). Crowdwork platform governance toward organizational value creation. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2): 175-195.
  28. Gorwa R. (2019). What is platform governance?. Information, Communication & Society, 22(6): 854-871. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2019.157391
  29. Greengard S. (2021). The Internet of Things. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
  30. Harmon E., Silberman M.S. (2019). Rating working conditions on digital labor platforms. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 28(5): 911-960.
  31. Just N., Latzer M. (2016). Governance by algorithms: Reality construction by algorithmic selection on the Internet. Media, Culture & Society, 39(2): 238-258. DOI: 10.1177/016344371664315
  32. Katzenbach C., Ulbricht L. (2019). Algorithmic governance. Internet Policy Review, 8(4). DOI: 10.14763/2019.4.142
  33. Kenway I. (2019). Internet Governance. In: Holm S., editor, Ethics, Law and Society. London: Routledge, pp. 269-271.
  34. Kitchin R. (2016). Thinking critically about and researching algorithms. Information, Communication & Society, 20(1): 14-29. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2016.115408
  35. König P.D. (2020). Dissecting the algorithmic leviathan: On the socio-political anatomy of algorithmic governance. Philosophy & Technology, 33(3): 467-485.
  36. Lee C.P., Dourish P., Mark, G. (2006). The human infrastructure of cyberinfrastructure. In: Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work, November: 483-492.
  37. Lee C.P., Poltrock S., Barkhuus L., Borges M., Kellogg W., editors (2017). Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing - CSCW '17. New York: ACM Press.
  38. Lee S. U., Zhu L., Jeffery R. (2018). Designing data governance in platform ecosystems. Paper presented at HICSS-51, 2018. -- Testo disponibile a: https://aisel.aisnet.org/hicss-51/os/managing_ecosystems/8/.
  39. Marino M.C. (2020). Critical code studies. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
  40. Martin C. J., Upham P., Klapper R. (2017). Democratising platform governance in the sharing economy: An analytical framework and initial empirical insights. Journal of Cleaner Production, 166: 1395-1406.
  41. Masutti C. (2020). Affaires privées: Aux sources du capitalisme de surveillance. Caen: C & F Éditions.
  42. Mateescu A., Elish M.C. (2019). AI in context: The labor of integrating new technologies. Data & Society Report.
  43. Mervich C. (2020). The Human Infrastructure of Artificial Intelligence. Master’s thesis, University of Twente.
  44. Morris M., Ogan C. (1996). The Internet as mass medium. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 1(4).
  45. Musiani F. (2021). Governance algoritmica: sorveglianza, censura e diritti fondamentali. In: Fossa F., Schiaffonati V., Tamburrini G., a cura di, Automi e persone. Introduzione all’etica dell’intelligenza artificiale e della robotica, Roma: Carocci.
  46. Musiani F. (2012). Caring About the Plumbing: On the Importance of Architectures in Social Studies of (Peer-to-Peer) Technology. Journal of Peer Production, 1. -- Testo disponibile a: http://peerproduction.net/issues/issue-1/peer-reviewed-papers/caring-about-the-plumbing/
  47. Pelizza A. (2016). Developing the Vectorial Glance: Infrastructural inversion for the new agenda on governmental information systems, Science, Technology and Human Values, 41(2): 298-321. DOI: 10.1177/016224391559747
  48. Pohle J., Thiel T. (2021). Digital sovereignty. In: Herlo B., Irrgang D., Joots G., Unteidig A., editors, Practicing Sovereignty: Digital Involvement in Times of Crises. Bielefeld: Verlag, pp. 47-67.
  49. Rosenblat A. (2018). Uberland: How algorithms are rewriting the rules of work. Oakland: University of California Press.
  50. Scholz T. (2012). Digital labor: The Internet as playground and factory. London: Routledge.
  51. Shestakofsky B., Kelkar, S. (2020). Making Platforms Work: Relationship Labor and the Management of Publics. Theory and Society, 49(5): 863-896.
  52. Star S.L. (1999). The ethnography of infrastructure. American behavioral scientist, 43(3): 377-391. DOI: 10.1177/0002764992195532
  53. Star S.L., Lampland M., editors (2008). Standards and Their Stories: How Quantifying, Classifying, and Formalizing Practices Shape Everyday Life. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  54. Star S.L., Ruhleder K. (1996). Steps Toward an Ecology of Infrastructure: Design and Access for Large Information Spaces. Information Systems Research, 7(1): 111-134.
  55. Stein L. (2008). Speech without rights: The status of public space on the Internet. The Communication Review, 11(1): 1-23. DOI: 10.1080/1071442080188838
  56. Suzor N. (2014, September). Promoting platform responsibility for content management. In: Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Meeting of the Internet Governance Forum 2014. -- Testo disponibile a: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/78484/ (data consultazione 10 aprile 2022).
  57. Suzor N., Van Geelen T., Myers West S. (2018). Evaluating the legitimacy of platform governance: A review of research and a shared research agenda. International Communication Gazette, 80(4): 385-400. DOI: 10.1177/174804851875714
  58. Teh T-H. (2019). Platform Governance. SSRN Working Paper. -- Testo disponibile a: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3521026 o http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3521026.
  59. Tubaro P., Casilli A.A. (2019). Micro-work, artificial intelligence and the automotive industry. Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 46: 333-345.
  60. Venturini J., Louzada L., Maciel M. (2016). Terms of Service and Human Rights: an Analysis of Online Platform Contracts. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Editora Revan.
  61. Ward S.J., Wasserman H. (2010). Towards an open ethics: Implications of new media platforms for global ethics discourse. Journal of Mass Media Ethics, 25(4): 275-292. DOI: 10.1080/08900523.2010.51282
  62. Whittaker M., Crawford K., Dobbe R., Fried G., Kaziunas E., Mathur V., Schwartz O. (2018). AI Now report 2018. New York: AI Now Institute at New York University.
  63. Wood A.J., Graham M., Lehdonvirta V., Hjorth I. (2019). Good Gig, Bad Gig: Autonomy and Algorithmic Control in the Global Gig Economy. Work, Employment & Society, 33(1): 56-75. DOI: 10.1177/095001701878561
  64. Yeung K. (2018). Algorithmic regulation: A critical interrogation. Regulation & Governance, 12(4): 505–523.
  65. Zambonelli F., Salim F., Loke S.W., De Meuter W., Kanhere S. (2018). Algorithmic governance in smart cities: The conundrum and the potential of pervasive computing solutions. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 37(2): 80-87. DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2018.282608
  66. Zanella A., Bui N., Castellani A., Vangelista L., Zorzi M. (2014). Internet of things for smart cities. IEEE Internet of Things journal, 1(1): 22-32. DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2014.230632
  67. Ziewitz M. (2016). Governing Algorithms: Myth, Mess, and Methods. Science, Technology, & Human Values, 41(1): 3-16. DOI: 10.1177/016224391560894

Francesca Musiani, Infrastrutture digitali, governance e trasformazioni del lavoro in "SOCIOLOGIA DEL LAVORO " 163/2022, pp 70-89, DOI: 10.3280/SL2022-163004