This article examines the recent transformations of the migration industry in Tunisia’s Sfax region, focusing on the emergence of small metal boats - locally known as tobà - as a pivotal innovation in the organization of irregular sea crossings. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 2017 and 2024, the article traces how the material infrastructures of mobility have become entangled in new social, racial, and economic configurations along the Central Mediterranean route. The tobà is explored not merely as a technical artifact, but as a truly political actor embedded within overlapping systems of autonomy, control, and appropriation. While initially enabling a brief moment of sub-Saharan self-organization and reduced dependency on Tunisian intermediaries, the tobà was quickly reterritorialized into local economies of exploitation, led by rural landowners in El Amra. Through this lens, the article contributes to the literature on the migration industry, viapolitics, and border externalization, arguing that material objects such as boats are key to understanding the shifting political economies and geographies of undocumented migration. The tobà, as both a vehicle and a symbol, becomes a site where lines of resistance, creativity, repression, and reconfiguration intersect and are constantly renegotiated.