Diffusion and mortality of the Covid-19 pandemic in the Italian Provinces: The role of human capital, families' structure, population mobility and local healthcare systems

Journal title QUADERNI DI ECONOMIA DEL LAVORO
Author/s Emanuela Ghignoni, Maria Maddalena Giannetti
Publishing Year 2021 Issue 2020/111
Language English Pages 26 P. 263-288 File size 3010 KB
DOI 10.3280/QUA2020-111012
DOI is like a bar code for intellectual property: to have more infomation click here

Below, you can see the article first page

If you want to buy this article in PDF format, you can do it, following the instructions to buy download credits

Article preview

FrancoAngeli is member of Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA), a not-for-profit association which run the CrossRef service enabling links to and from online scholarly content.

L’Italia è stato uno dei Paesi più colpiti dalla prima ondata della pandemia di Covid-19, sia in termini di contagi che di mortalità. Tuttavia, la diffusione della pandemia e il tasso di mortalità sono stati piuttosto disomogenei tra le province italiane, nonostante un intenso flusso di movimenti della popolazione tra le diverse aree geografiche del paese prima del lockdown dell’11 marzo 2020. Questo articolo si propone di individuare alcune delle cause dell’eterogeneità geografica del contagio e del tasso di mortalità, concentrandosi in particolare sul ruolo del capitale umano, dell’interazione intergenerazionale all’interno delle famiglie, della mobilità della popolazione dopo la decisione di lockdown e delle caratteristiche dei sistemi sanitari a livello locale. Tramite l’utilizzo di tecniche panel, troviamo che la mobilità della popolazione, parzialmente continuata anche con il lockdown, ha avuto effetti disomogenei sull’espansione del contagio, mentre le esternalità del capitale umano e l’estensione del sistema sanitario pubblico a livello locale sono stati fattori importanti per ridurre la mortalità da Covid-19. L’elevata integrazione intergenerazionale delle famiglie italiane non sembra aver aumentato i tassi di contagio.

Keywords: Covid-19; Human capital; Mobility; Family Structure; Healthcare Systems.

  1. Arlotti M. and Ranci C. (2020). Un’emergenza nell’emergenza. Cosa è accaduto alle case di riposo del nostro paese? Politecnico di Milano, Laboratorio di Politica Sociale. -- Available at: http://www.lps.polimi.it/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Impaginazione_inage.pdf.
  2. Arpino B., Bordone V. and Pasqualini M. (2020). Are intergenerational relationships responsible for more COVID-19 cases? A cautionary tale of available empirical evidence. SocArXiv Papers.
  3. Bannister-Tyrrell M., Meyer A., Faverjon C. and Cameron A. (2020). Preliminary evidence that higher temperatures are associated with lower incidence of COVID-19, for cases reported globally up to 29th February 2020. MedRxiv. DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.18.20036731
  4. Bayer C. and Kuhn M. (2020). Intergenerational ties and case fatality rates: A cross country analysis. CEPR Discussion Paper no. 14519.
  5. Becchetti L., Conzo G., Conzo P. and Salustri F. (2020). Understanding the Heterogeneity of Adverse COVID-19 Outcomes: The Role of Poor Quality of Air and Lockdown Decisions. -- Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3572548 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3572548.
  6. Belloc M., Buonanno P., Drago F., Galbiati R. and Pinotti P. (2020). Cross-country correlation analysis for research on COVID-19. Cross-country correlation analysis for research on COVID-19 | VOX, CEPR Policy Portal (voxeu.org)
  7. Bilinski A., Emanuel E.J. (2020). COVID-19 and Excess All-Cause Mortality in the US and 18 Comparison Countries. JAMA Research Letter, 324(20): 2100-2102.
  8. Briscese G., Lacetera N., Macis M. and Tonin M. (2020). Compliance with COVID-19 Social-Distancing Measures in Italy: The Role of Expectations and Duration. NBER Working Paper, No. 26916.
  9. Cutler D.M. & Lleras-Muney A. (2012). Education and Health: Insights from International Comparisons. NBER Working Papers 17738. Washington D.C.
  10. Fong M.W., Gao H., Wong J., Xiao J., Shiu E., Ryu S. and Cowling B. (2020). Nonpharmaceutical Measures for Pandemic Influenza in Nonhealthcare Settings-Social Distancing Measures. Emerging infectious diseases, 26(5): 976-984.
  11. Hollingsworth B. (2008). The measurement of efficiency and productivity of health care delivery. Health Economics, 17: 1107-1128.
  12. HSU J. (2010). The relative efficiency of public and private service delivery. World Health Report, Background paper, 39.
  13. Institute of Medicine, (2004). Health Literacy: A Prescription to End Confusion. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/10883
  14. Istituto Nazione di Previdenza Sociale - INPS (2020). Analisi della mortalità nel periodo di epidemia da Covid-19. Rome: INPS.
  15. Istituto Superiore di Sanità - ISS (2020). Survey nazionale sul contagio COVID-19 nelle strutture residenziali e sociosanitarie, Istituto Superiore di Sanità. Epidemia COVID-19, Aggiornamento nazionale: 05 maggio 2020. -- https://www.epicentro.iss.it/.
  16. King J.S. (2020). Covid-19 and the Need for Health Care Reform. The New England Journal of Medcine. 382:e104.
  17. Nacoti M., Ciocca A., Giupponi A., Brambillasca P., Lussana F., Pisano M., Goisis G., Bonacina D., Fazzi F., Naspro R., Longhi L., Cereda M. and Montaguti C. (2020). At the Epicenter of the Covid-19 Pandemic and Humanitarian Crises in Italy: Changing Perspectives on.
  18. Preparation and Mitigation”. The New England Journal of Medcine. DOI: 10.1056/CAT.20.0080
  19. OECD (2019). Education at Glance. Paris: OECD.
  20. OECD (2020). Education at Glance. Paris: OECD.
  21. Pasquariello P. and Stranges S. (2020). Excess Mortality from COVID-19: A Commentary on the Italian Experience. International Journal of Public Health, 65: 529-531.
  22. Seglem K.B. et al. (2020). Education differences in sickness absence and the role of health behaviors: a prospective twin study. BMC Public Health, 20: 1689.
  23. Tynkkynen L.K. and Vrangbæk K. (2018). Comparing public and private providers: a scoping review of hospital services in Europe, BMC Health Services Research, 18: 141.
  24. Van der Heide I., Wang J., Droomers M., Spreeuwenberg P., Rademakers J., Uiters E. (2013). The Relationship between Health, Education, and Health Literacy: Results from the Dutch Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey. Journal of Health Communication, 18(suppl.1): 172-84.
  25. WHO-Regional Office for Europe (2020). Strengthening The Health System Response To Covid-19. Recommendations for the WHO European Region (1 April 2020), -- available at: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/436350/strengthening-health-system-response-COVID-19.pdf.
  26. Wooldridge J.M. (2001). Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
  27. Wu X., Nethery R.C., Sabath B.M., Braun B. and Dominici F. (2020). Exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 mortality in the United States: A nationwide cross-sectional study. MedRxiv. DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.05.20054502

Emanuela Ghignoni, Maria Maddalena Giannetti, Diffusion and mortality of the Covid-19 pandemic in the Italian Provinces: The role of human capital, families' structure, population mobility and local healthcare systems in "QUADERNI DI ECONOMIA DEL LAVORO" 111/2020, pp 263-288, DOI: 10.3280/QUA2020-111012