Urban agriculture as tool of sustainable development. a case study: the urban gardens in São Paulo (Brazil)

Journal title ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI
Author/s Giulia Giacchè, Wania Rezende Silva
Publishing Year 2018 Issue 2018/122
Language Italian Pages 22 P. 124-145 File size 229 KB
DOI 10.3280/ASUR2018-122007
DOI is like a bar code for intellectual property: to have more infomation click here

Below, you can see the article first page

If you want to buy this article in PDF format, you can do it, following the instructions to buy download credits

Article preview

FrancoAngeli is member of Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA), a not-for-profit association which run the CrossRef service enabling links to and from online scholarly content.

The paper investigates the role of urban agriculture (UA) in reconfiguring urban spaces and in producing more sustainable city and a healthier food system. The survey was conducted in two urban gardens located in the city of São Paulo. The paper demonstrates as the UA’s individual and collective practices promote a more sustainable urban development by contributing to the reduction of social, economic and environmental inequalities.

Keywords: UA; São Paulo; sustainable development; inequalities; public policies

  1. Adamson J., Evans M.M., Stein R. (2002). The Environmental Justice Reader: Politics, Poetics & Pedagogy. Chicago: University of Arizona Press.
  2. Aina O.S., Oladapo A., Adebosin W.G. and Ajijola S. (2012). Urban livelihood: urban agriculture implication in food security, a case study of Ibadan Metropolis. Journal of Applied Phytotechnology in Environmental Sanitation, 1(4): 155-161.
  3. Alaimo K., Packnett E., Miles R.A. and Kruger D.J. (2008). Fruit and vegetable intake among urban community gardeners. Journal of Nutrition Education, 40 (2): 94-101.
  4. Alaimo K., Reischl T. M. and Allen J.O. (2010). Community gardening, neighbourhood meetings, and social capital. Journal of Community Psychology, 38: 497-514.
  5. Altieri M.A. (1987). Agroecology: the scientific basis of alternative agriculture. Boulder: Westview Press.
  6. Amato-Lourenço L.F., Moreira T.C.L., de Oliveira Souza V.C., Barbosa F. Jr., Saiki M., Saldiva P.H.N. e Mauad T. (2016). The influence of atmospheric particles on the elemental content of vegetables in urban gardens of São Paulo, Brazil. Environnemental Pollution, 216: 125-134.
  7. Amato-Lourenço L.F. e Maud T. (2018). Agricultura Urbana: Guia de Boas Praticas, São Paulo: Instituto de Estudos Avançados.
  8. Anete B.L. (2008). Inégalités, démocratie et pauvreté. Les effets politiques des programmes ciblés au Brésil. In: Zumello C. et Zagefka P., coord., Égalité- inégalité(s) dans les Amériques. Paris: Editions de l´IHEAL/Editions de l´Institut des Amériques.
  9. Andersson E., Barthel S. and Ahrné K. (2007). Measuring social-ecological dynamics behind the generation of ecosystem services. Ecological Applications, 17 (5): 1267-1278. DOI: 10.1890/06-1116.
  10. Armstrong D. (2000). A survey of community gardens in upstate New York: Implications for health promotion and community development. Health & Place, 6: 319-327. DOI: 10.1016/S1353-8292(00)00017-
  11. Baudry S. (2011). Les community gardens de New York City: de la désobéissance civile au développement durable. Revue française d’études américaines, 129: 73-86.
  12. Bell S., Fox-Kämper R., Keshavarz N., Benson M., Caputo S., Noori S. and Voigt A., eds. (2016). Urban allotment gardens in Europe. Abingdon: Routledge.
  13. Bihr A. et Pfefferkorn R. (2014). Inégalité sociale. In: Bihr A. et Pfefferkorn R., coord., Dictionnaire des inégalités. Paris: Armand Colin.
  14. Blair D., Giesecke C.C. and Sherman S. (1991). A dietary, social and economic evaluation of the Philadelphia Urban Gardening project. The Journal of Nutrition Education, 23: 161-167.
  15. Buck D. (2016). Gardens and health. Implication for policy and practice. The Kings Fund.
  16. Camps-Calvet M., Langemeyer J., Calvet-Mir L. and Gomez-Baggethun E. (2016). Ecosystem services provided by urban gardens in Barcelona Spain: insights for policy and planning. Environmental Science & Policy, 62(8): 14-23.
  17. Carlsson C. and Manning F. (2010). Nowtopia: Strategic exodus? Antipode, 42(2): 924-953.
  18. Chiffoleau Y. (2012). Circuits courts alimentaires, dynamiques relationnelles et lutte contre l'exclusion en agriculture. Économie rurale, 332: 88-101.
  19. Cofie O., Larbi T.O., Danso G., Abraham E.M., Kufogbe S.K. and Obiri-Opareh N. (2008). Urban agriculture in Accra metropolis: dimensions and implications for urban development. In: Parrot L., Njoya A., Temple L., Assogba-Komlan F., Kahane R., Ba Diao M. and Havard M., eds., Agriculture and urban development in Sub-Saharian Africa: environment and health issues. Paris: L’Harmattan.
  20. Corkery L. (2004). Community Gardens as a Platform for Education for Sustainability. Sydney: Faculty of the Built Environment, University of New South Wales.
  21. Crouch D. (2000). Place all around us: Embodies lay geographies. Leisure and Tourism Leisure Studies, 18(2): 63-76. DOI: 10.1080/026143600374752
  22. Cutter S. (2006). Hazards. Vulnerability and Environmental Justice. London: Sterling.
  23. Deelstra T. and Girardet H. (2000). Urban agriculture and sustainable cities. In: Bakker N., Dubbeling M., Gundel S., Sabel-Koschela U. and de Zeeuw H., eds., Growing Cities, Growing Food: Urban Agriculture on the Policy Agenda. À Reader on Urban Agriculture. Bonn: Deutsche Stiftung für internationale Entwicklung (DSE).
  24. Donati K., Cleary S. and Pike L. (2009). Bodies, Bugs and Dirt, Sustainability Reimagined in Community Gardens. In: Geoffrey L., Lyons K. and Wallington T., eds., Food Security, Nutrition and Sustainability. London: Earthscan.
  25. Duchemin E. (2013). L’agriculture urbaine pour une résilience urbaine. In Duchemin E., coord., Agriculture urbaine: aménager et nourrir la ville. Montréal: Edition Vertigo: 111-128.
  26. Duchemin E., Wegmuller F. et Legault A.M. (2010). Agriculture urbaine: un outil multidimensionnel pour le développement des quartiers. VertigO-, 10(2).
  27. Durand M. et Jaglin S. (2012). Inégalités environnementales et écologiques: quelles applications dans les territoires et les services? Flux, 89-90: 4-14.
  28. Emelianoff C. (2006). Connaître ou reconnaître les inégalités environnementales? ESO Travaux et Documents, 25: 35-43.
  29. Ferris J., Norman C. and Sempik J. (2001). People, land and sustainability: Community Gardens and the social dimension of sustainable development. Social Policy and Administration, 35 (5): 559-568.
  30. Firth C., Maye D. and Pearson D. (2011). Developing “community” in community gardens. Local Environment, 16: 555-568. DOI: 10.1080/13549839.2011.58602
  31. Fournier J-M. et Raoulx B. (2003). La géographie sociale, géographie des inégalités. Eso Travaux et Documents, 20: 25-41.
  32. Fox T., Koeppel I. and Kellam S. (1985). The struggle for Space. The Greening of New York City, 1970-1984. Neighborhood: Open Space Coalition.
  33. Giacchè G. (2016). De la ville qui mange à la ville qui produit: l’exemple des “Hortelões Urbanos” de São Paulo. ESO Travaux & Documents, 40: 99-110.
  34. Giacchè G. e Porto L. (2015). Políticas Públicas de Agricultura Urbana e Periurbana: uma comparação entre os casos de São Paulo e Campinas. Informações Econômicas, 45(6): 45-60.
  35. Giacchè G. and Rezende Silva W. (2016). Urban Agriculture in São Paulo (Brazil): actors, space and governance models. In: Roggema R., ed., Finding Spaces for Productive Cities Volume 1, Proceedings of the 6th Conference Aesop, “Sustainable Food planning Conference”, November 5th-7th 2014, Leeuwarden (Olanda). Cambridge: Cambrige Scholars Publishing: 431-452.
  36. Gittleman M., Jordan K. and Brelsford E. (2012). Using Citizen Science to Quantify Community Garden Crop Yields. Cities and the Environment, 5(1).
  37. Glover T.D. (2004). Social Capital in the lived experiences of community gardeners. Leisure Sciences, 26(2): 143-162. DOI: 10.1080/01490400490432064
  38. Hlubik W.T., Hamm M.W., Winokur M.A. and Baron M.V. (1994). Incorporating research with community gardens: the New Brunswick Community Gardening and Nutrition Program. In: Francis M., Lindsey P. and Rice J.S., eds., The Healing Dimensions of People-Plant Relations: Proceedings of a Research Symposium. Davis: Center for Design Research, Department of Environmental Design.
  39. Hochedez C. et Le Gall J. (2016). Introduction. In: Hochedez C. et Le Gall J., coord., Justice alimentaire et agriculture. Justice spatial|Spatial Justice, 9.
  40. Hodgson K., Campbell M.C. and Bailkey M. (2011). Urban Agriculture: Growing Healthy, Sustainable Communities. Chicago: American Planning Association.
  41. Holland L. (2004). Diversity and connections in community gardens: A contribution to local sustainability. Local Environment, 9(3): 285-305. DOI: 10.1080/135498304200021938
  42. Kingsley J. and Townsend M. (2006). ‘Dig in’ to social capital: Community gardens as mechanisms for growing urban social connectedness. Urban Policy and Research, 24 (4): 525-537. DOI: 10.1080/0811114060103520
  43. Krasny M.E. and Tidball K.G. (2009). Community gardens as contexts for sciences, stewardship, and civic action learning. Cities and the Environment, 2(1).
  44. Laigle L. (2005). Les inégalités écologiques de la ville caractérisation des situations et de l’action publique. Rapport intermédiaire. Paris: CSTB.
  45. Laigle L. (2006). Les inégalités écologiques de la ville caractérisation des situations et de l’action publique. Rapport final. Paris: CSTB.
  46. Laigle L. (2009). Conception des inégalités écologique: quelle place dans les politiques de développement urbain durable? Rapport final. Paris: CSTB.
  47. Laigle L. et Oehler V. (2004). Les enjeux sociaux et environnementaux du développement urbain: la question des inégalités écologiques. Rapport final. Paris: CSTB.
  48. Lautier B. (2014). Brésil. In: Bihr A. and Pfefferkorn R., coord., Dictionnaire des inégalités. Paris: Armand Colin.
  49. Madaleno I.M. y Armijo G. (2004). Agricultura urbana en metrópolis iberoamericanas: estudio de casos en Santiago de Chile y Lisboa, Portugal. Geografía humana, 54: 36-54.
  50. Maricato E. et Ferreira W.J.S. (2013). Le Brésil, entre injustices spatiales et combat pour la justice spatiale. In: Dufaux F. et Philifert P., coord., Justice spatiale et politiques territoriales. Paris: Presses Universitaires de Paris Ouest.
  51. McClintock N. (2014). Radical, Reformist, and Garden-Variety Neoliberal: Coming to Terms with Urban Agriculture’s Contradictions. Local Environment, 19 (2): 147-171. DOI: 10.1080/13549839.2012.75279
  52. Mougeot J.A.L. (2005). The social, political and environment dimensions of urban agriculture. Ottawa: IDRC.
  53. Nagib G. (2016). Agricultura urbana como ativismo na cidade de São Paulo: o caso da Horta das Corujas. Tese de Licenciatura em Geografia Humana, Universidade de São Paulo.
  54. Ober Allen J., Alaimo K., Elam D. and Perry E. (2008). Growing Vegetables and Values: Benefits of Neighborhood-Based Community Gardens for Youth Development and Nutrition. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition, 3(4): 418-439. DOI: 10.1080/1932024080252916
  55. Paddeu F. (2012). L’agriculture urbaine dans les quartiers défavorisés de la métropole new-yorkaise: la justice alimentaire à l’épreuve de la justice sociale. VertigO, 12(2).
  56. Pearson L.J., Pearson L. and Pearson C.J. (2010). Sustainable urban agriculture: stocktake and opportunities. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 8: 7-19.
  57. Pourias J., Daniel A.C. et Aubry C. (2012). La fonction alimentaire des jardins associatifs urbains en question. Revue POUR, Dossier Alimentation et Territoires, 215-216: 333-347.
  58. Pudup M.B. (2008). It takes a garden: Cultivating citizen-subjects in organized garden projects. Geoforum, 39: 1228–1240.
  59. Redwood M., ed. (2009). Agriculture in Urban Planning. Generating Livelihoods and Food Security. Ottawa: IDRC.
  60. Reynolds K., (2014). Disparity Despite Diversity: Social Injustice in New York City’s Urban Agriculture System, Antipode 47(1).
  61. Saylor K. (2005). Twin Cities Community Garden Sustainability Plan. Final Report. Minnesota State Horticultural Society.
  62. Schmelzkopf K. (1995). Urban Community Gardens as Contested Space. Geographical Review, 85(3): 364-381. DOI: 10.2307/21527
  63. Shinew K., Troy J., Glover D., Parry D. (2004). Leisure Spaces as Potential Sites for Interracial Interaction: Community Gardens in Urban Areas. Journal of Leisure Research, 36(3): 336-355. DOI: 10.1080/00222216.2004.1195002
  64. Simon-Rojo M. et al. (2015). From Urban Food Gardening to Urban Farming. In: Lohrberg F., Licka L., Scazzosi L. and Timpe A., eds., Urban Agriculture Europe, Berlin: Jovis.
  65. Sommariva E. (2015). Cr(eat)ing City. Agricoltura urbana. Strategie per la città resiliente. Trento: List lab.
  66. Soulard-Toussaint C., Margétic C. et Vallette E. (2011). Innovations et agricultures urbaines durables. NOROIS, 221: 7-10.
  67. Stocker L. and Barnett K. (1998). The significance and praxis of community-based sustainability projects: community gardens in Western Australia. Local Environment, 3(2): 179-189. DOI: 10.1080/1354983980872555
  68. Tornaghi C. (2014a). How to set up your own urban agriculture project in a socio-environmental justice perspective. A guide for citizens, community group and third sector organisations. Leeds: University of Leeds.
  69. Tornaghi C. (2014b). Critical geography of urban agriculture. Progress in Human Geography, 38(4). DOI: 10.1177/0309132513512542
  70. Twiss J., Dickinson J., Duma S., Kleinman T., Paulsen H. and Rilverira L. (2003). Community gardens: lessons learned from California Healthy Cities and Communities. American Journal of Public Health, 93(9): 1435-1438.
  71. Turner B., Henryks J. and Pearson D., eds. (2010). Proceedings from community garden conference Promoting sustainabilty, health and inclusion in the city. Camberra: University of Camberra.
  72. Villaça F. (2011). São Paulo: segregação urbana e desigualdade. Estudos avançados, 25(71).
  73. Warner S. (1987). To Dwell is to Garden: A History of Boston’s Community Gardens. Boston: Northeastern University Press.
  74. Wenz S.P. (1988). Environmental Justice. Albany (N.Y.): State University of New York Press.

Giulia Giacchè, Wania Rezende Silva, Agricoltura urbana come strumento di sviluppo sostenibile. Uno studio di caso: gli orti urbani a São Paulo (Brasile) in "ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI" 122/2018, pp 124-145, DOI: 10.3280/ASUR2018-122007