ICT, FDI, and trade openness as determinants of GDP per capita: Insights from BRICS panel data analysis

Journal title ECONOMIA PUBBLICA
Author/s Rajesh Kumar, Debasis Neogi
Publishing Year 2026 Issue 2026/2
Language English Pages 17 P. 221-237 File size 274 KB
DOI 10.3280/EP2026-002002
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The BRICS countries become economic giants while their contributions to global growth and development dominate the international markets. The BRICS countries have pursued different paths in their economies that are based on Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Trade Openness and Total Factor Productivity (TFP). ICT has a reputation of being an innovator and productivist representing a valuable force in today’s economy this study examines the contribution of ICT in conjunction with FDI Trade Openness and TFP towards GDP per capita in each of the BRICS nations over the period from 1990-2020. The study of economic effects of ICT, comes with some unexpected results when ordinary least squares (OLS) methodology of estimation is used for panel data regression analysis. Even though ICT looks impressive it does not show any statistical significance while analyzing its effect on GDP Per Capita in BRICS countries. The study results offer insights into the determinants of economic growth and demand for further researches on conducive environments for ICT-based growth. Policymakers as well as the scholars who are conducting studies on the hidden impact of ICT in developing areas may find this data useful

Keywords: ICT, FDI, GDP per capita, trade openness, panel data

Jel codes: O47, O33, F21, C23

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Rajesh Kumar, Debasis Neogi, ICT, FDI, and trade openness as determinants of GDP per capita: Insights from BRICS panel data analysis in "ECONOMIA PUBBLICA " 2/2026, pp 221-237, DOI: 10.3280/EP2026-002002