Lo stigma associato alla malattia mentale: tipologie, conseguenze e strategie per contrastarlo

Titolo Rivista RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA
Autori/Curatori Luca Pingani, Giulia Reali, Paola Carozza
Anno di pubblicazione 2021 Fascicolo 2021/3
Lingua Italiano Numero pagine 26 P. 134-158 Dimensione file 251 KB
DOI 10.3280/RSF2021-003009
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Il presente articolo si propone di approfondire il fenomeno dello stigma nel contesto della salute mentale. In particolare, dopo una introduzione dedicata alle radici storiche del termine "stigma", vengono analizzate le sue diverse tipologie alla luce della più recente letteratura: public stigma, structural stigma, selfstigma, felt or perceived stigma, experienced stigma, label avoidance, courtesy stigma e spiritual stigma. Fra le diverse declinazioni che il fenomeno discriminante può assumere, viene fornita una ampia descrizione di quella iatrogena: la discriminazione perpetrata dai professionisti sanitari nei confronti delle persone con disagio psichico. Proprio su questa tipologia di stigma viene proposta una revisione narrativa e non sistematica della letteratura al fine di permettere al lettore di avere una panoramica esaustiva per l’inquadramento di questa particolare forma di stigma. L’ultima parte dell’articolo è dedicata alle principali strategie, sostenute da evidenze scientifiche, utilizzate per la lotta allo stigma. Oltre alle ormai consolidate metodiche come la formazione, la protesta e il contatto, viene anche presentata la traduzione italiana del manuale "Coming Out Proud" del prof. Corrigan (Illinois Institute of Technology) che si propone come utile strumento per la lotta al selfstigma. Esso è pensato per utenti e promotori della salute pubblica per affrontare il processo di coming out e il tema dell’identità. È articolato in tre parti che affrontano le questioni chiave della rivelazione: soppesare costi e benefici del coming out; considerare i diversi approcci strategici (gradi) per la rivelazione; apprendere un metodo efficace per formulare le storie personali relative all’esperienza di malattia mentale.;

Keywords:Stigma, salute mentale, psichiatria sociale, servizi di salute mentale, professionisti sanitari, Coming Out Proud.

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Luca Pingani, Giulia Reali, Paola Carozza, Lo stigma associato alla malattia mentale: tipologie, conseguenze e strategie per contrastarlo in "RIVISTA SPERIMENTALE DI FRENIATRIA" 3/2021, pp 134-158, DOI: 10.3280/RSF2021-003009