«Something else too abominable to be nam’d». David Hume and Greek Love

Titolo Rivista RIVISTA DI STORIA DELLA FILOSOFIA
Autori/Curatori Emilio Mazza
Anno di pubblicazione 2022 Fascicolo 2022/1
Lingua Inglese Numero pagine 30 P. 51-80 Dimensione file 221 KB
DOI 10.3280/SF2022-001004
Il DOI è il codice a barre della proprietà intellettuale: per saperne di più clicca qui

Qui sotto puoi vedere in anteprima la prima pagina di questo articolo.

Se questo articolo ti interessa, lo puoi acquistare (e scaricare in formato pdf) seguendo le facili indicazioni per acquistare il download credit. Acquista Download Credits per scaricare questo Articolo in formato PDF

Anteprima articolo

FrancoAngeli è membro della Publishers International Linking Association, Inc (PILA)associazione indipendente e non profit per facilitare (attraverso i servizi tecnologici implementati da CrossRef.org) l’accesso degli studiosi ai contenuti digitali nelle pubblicazioni professionali e scientifiche

«Greek Love is a modern invention», asserts the classical scholar. David Hume can claim the title of inventor. In his 1751 Dialogue on morals he used the phrase to account for the relationship between a university boy and a man of merit. How did Hume come to this expression? Pederasty was a traditional sceptical topic against a universal standard for morals. What did Hume think of this practice and its origin? When he accounts for pederasty and homosocial arrangements by negative epithets, is Hume seriously condemning them or he is «only» and prudentially following the common use? The Article tries to give a first answer to these questions by examining Hume’s writings and their sources (Plato, Plutarch, Cornelius Nepos and Cicero), and the views of the modern authors (Hobbes, Mandeville, Montesquieu, Charlemont, Smollet and Voltaire). The Article delineates the eighteenth-century debate, without projecting on it our views, and maintains that, like some ancient philosophers according to Sextus Empricus, and possibly like Smith, Hume would have declared practice in itself «indifferent».

Keywords:David Hume, «Greek Love», pæderasty, homosocial arrangements, relativism, «A Dialogue»

  1. - Aeschines 1958: Aeschines, Against Timarchus, in Id., The Speeches of Aeschines, London, W. Heinemann, 1958.
  2. - Anon. 1748: A Conversation between a Sodomitical Baronet, a Bawd, and the Author, on a Bench in St. James’s Park, in A Ramble Through London: Containing Observations on Men and Things […] By a True-Born Englishman, London, J. Roberts, 1748.
  3. - Anon. 1749: Satan’s harvest home: or the Present State of Whorecrat, Adultery, Fornication, Procuring, Pimping, Sodomy, and the Game at Flatts, London, Printed for the Editor, 1749.
  4. - Anon. ca. 1728-30: Plain Reasons for the Growth of Sodomy in England, London, Printed for A. Dodd and E. Nutt, ca. 1728-30.
  5. - Aristotle 1797: Aristotle, Aristotle’s Ethics and Politics, 2 vols., edited by John Gillies, London, A. Strahan et al., 1797.
  6. - Ascanius 1791: Ascanius To the Editor of the Bee, in «The Bee, or Literary Weekly Intelligencer», edited by James Anderson, III (1791), pp. 163-7.
  7. - Aubrey 1898: John Aubrey, «Brief Lives,» chiefly of Contemporaries, set down by John Aubrey, between the Years 1669 & 1696, 2 vols., edited by Andrew Clark, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1898.
  8. - Bacon 1999: Francis Bacon, New Atlantis, in Three Early Modern Utopias: Utopia, New Atlantis and the Isle of Pines, Oxford University Press, 1999.
  9. - Barbeyrac 1734: Samuel von Pufendorf, Le Droit de la Nature et des Gens, ou Systeme General Des Principes les plus importants de la Morale, de la Jurisprudence, et de la Politique […] Traduit du Latin Par Jean Barbeyrac […]. Avec des Notes du Traducteur, 2 vols., Amsterdam, Briasson, 17345.
  10. - Bailey 1740: Nathan Bailey, An Universal Etymological English Dictionary, London, D. Midwinter et al., 174010.
  11. - Beccaria 2009, Cesare Beccaria, Des délits et des peines / Dei delitti e delle pene, edited by Philippe Audegean and Gianni Francioni, Lyon, ENS, 2009.
  12. - Bentham 2014: Jeremy Bentham, Not Paul, but Jesus, in Id., Of Sexual Irregularities, and other Writings on Sexual Morality, edited by Philip Schofield, Catherine Pease-Watkin and Michael Quinn, Oxford, Vlarendon Press, 2014, pp.119-144.
  13. - Blackstone 1769: William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, 4 vols., Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1765-1769.
  14. - Chardin 1686: Jean Chardin, Journal du Voyage du Chevalier Chardin en Perse & aux Indes Orientales, par la Mer Noire & par la Colchide. Première Partie, qui contient Le Voyage de Paris à Ispahan, Londres, M. Pitt, 1686.
  15. - Charlemont 1984: James Caulfeild, Earl of Charlemont, The Travels of Lord Charlemont in Greece & Turkey, 1749, edited by William Bedell Stanford and Eustathios J. Finopoulos, Trigraph-London, for the A.G. Leventis Foundation, 1984.
  16. - Charlemont RIA MS 12R5: James Caulfeild, Earl of Charlemont, An Essay towards a new Method of Travel writing Being a succinct Relation of Several Miscellanious Occurrences during my Travels, Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 12R5.
  17. - Charlemont RIA MS 12R7a: James Caulfeild, Earl of Charlemont, Anecdotes of Hume, Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 12R7.
  18. - Charlemont RIA MS 12R7b: James Caulfeild, Earl of Charlemont, Storm at Sea. Malta, Dublin, Royal Irish Academy, MS 12R7.
  19. - Church of England 1711: Church of England, A Representation Of the Present State of Religion, With regard to the late excessive Growth of Infidelity, Heresy and Profaneness, London, J. Morphew, 1711.
  20. - Cicero 1928: Cicero, De Officiis, London, Heinemann, 1928.
  21. - Cicero 1989: Cicero, Tusculan Disputations, London, Harvard University Press, 1989.
  22. - Cleland 1749: [John Cleland] Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure, 2 vols., London, G. Fenton, 1749.
  23. - Coke 1648: Edward Cocke, The Third Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England, London, M. Flesher for W. Lee and D. Pakeman, 1648.
  24. - Cornelius Nepos 1707: Cornelii Nepotis Vitae Excellentium Imperatorum, Observationibus & Notis Commentatorum Omnium, Amsterdam, J.J. Wetsten, 1707.
  25. - Cornelius Nepos 1709: Cornelius Nepos, De Vita Excellentium Imperatorum, edited by Nicolaus Courtin, London, G. Sayes for J. & B. Sprint, 17093.
  26. - Cornelius Nepos 1729: De Vitis Excellentium Imperatorum. Interpretatione & Notis illustravit Nicolaus Courtin, London, J. Roberts for J. & B. Sprint, 17295.
  27. - Cornelius Nepos 1744: Cornelii Nepotis Vitæ Excellentium Imperatorum / Cornelius Nepos’s Lives of the Excellent Commanders, edited by Robert Arrol, Edinburgh, T.W. Ruddiman, 1744.
  28. - Cornelius Nepos 1989: Cornelius Nepos, A selection, including the lives of Cato and Atticus, edited by Nicholas Horsfall, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1989.
  29. - Dalrymple 1800: Alexander Dalrymple, Thoughts of an old Man, of Independent Mind, though Dependent Fortune, On the present high Price of Corn, London, Bunney and Gold for T. Reynolds, 1800.
  30. - Defoe 1700: Daniel Defoe, The True-Born Englishman. A Satyr, s.l, s.e., 1700.
  31. - Forbes 1730: William Forbes, The Institutes of the Law of Scotland, 2 vols, Glasgow, J. Mosman, 1730.
  32. - Fortescue-Aland 1748: John Fortescue-Aland, Reports of Select Cases In all the Courts of Westminster-Hall; also the Opinion of All the Judges of England relating to the Grandest Prerogative of the Royal Family, Savoy, H. Lintot, 1748.
  33. - Gibbon 1781: Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 8 vols., London, A. Strahan and T. Cadell, 1781, vol. VIII.
  34. - Gibbon 1907: Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, 12 vols., edited by J.B. Bury, New York, Fred de Fau & Company, 1907, vol. VII.
  35. - Haggerty 1999: George E. Haggerty, Men in Love. Masculinity and Sexuality in the Eighteenth Century, New York, Columbia University Press, 1999.
  36. - Helvétius 1773: Claude Adrien Helvétius, De l’Homme, de ses Facultés intellectuelles et de son Éducation. Ouvrage Posthume de M. Helvetius, 2 vols., Londres, Société Typographique, 1773.
  37. - Hobbes 1994a: Thomas Hobbes, De corpore politico, in Id., Human Nature and De corpore politico, edited by John Charles Addison Gaskin, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1994.
  38. - Hobbes 1994b: Thomas Hobbes, Human Nature, in Id., Human Nature and De corpore politico, edited by John Charles Addison Gaskin, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1994.
  39. - Hume 1751: David Hume, A Dialogue, in Id., An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals, London, A. Millar, 1751.
  40. - Hume 1752: David Hume, Of the Populousness of antient Nations, in Id., Political Discourses, Edinburgh, R. Fleming for A. Kincaid and A. Donaldson, 1752, pp. 155-79.
  41. - Hume 1754: David Hume, The History of Great Britain. Vol. I. Containing The Reign of James I and Charles I, Edinburgh, Hamilton, Balfour, and Neill, 1754.
  42. - Hume 1757: David Hume, The Natural History of Religion, in Id., Four Dissertations, London, A. Millar, 1757.
  43. - Hume 1758: David Hume, Essays and Treatises on Several Subjects, London, A. Millar; Edinburgh: A. Kincaid and A. Donaldson, 1758.
  44. - Hume 1759: David Hume, The History of England under the House of Tudor, 2 vols., London, A. Millar, 1759.
  45. - Hume 1762: David Hume, The History of England, from The Invasion of Julius Cæsar to The Accession of Henry VII, 2 vols., London, A. Millar, 1762.
  46. - Hume 1764: David Hume, Essays and Treatises on Several Subjects, 2 vols., London, A. Millar; Edinburgh, A. Kincaid and A. Donaldson, 1764.
  47. - Hume 1770: David Hume, Essays and Treatises on Several Subjects, 4 vols., London, T. Cadell, Edinburgh, A. Kincaid and A. Donaldson, 1770.
  48. - Hume 1797: David Hume, Commentaries on the Law of Scotland, respecting the Description and Punishment of crimes, 2 vols., Edinburgh, Bell & Bradfute, 1797.
  49. - Hume 1932: David Hume, The Letters of David Hume, 2 vols., edited by John Young Thomson Greig, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1932.
  50. - Hume 1948: David Hume, Hume’s Early Memoranda, 1729-40: The Complete Text, edited by Ernest Campbell Mossner, «Journal of the History of Ideas», IX (1948), pp. 492-518.
  51. - Hume 1954: David Hume, New Letters of David Hume, edited by R. Klibansky and E.C. Mossner, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1954.
  52. - Hume 1975: David Hume, Enquiries concerning Human Understanding and concerning the Principles of Morals, edited by Lewis Amherst Selby-Bigge, rev. by Peter H. Nidditch, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 19753.
  53. - Hume 1978: David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature, a cura di L.A. Selby-Bigge, riv. da P.H. Nidditch, Clarendon Press, Oxford 19782.
  54. - Hume 1983: David Hume, The History of England, 6 vols., Indianapolis, Liberty, 1983.
  55. - Hume 1987: David Hume, Essays Moral, Political, and Literary, edited by Eugene F. Miller, Liberty Fund, Indianapolis 19872.
  56. - Hume 2007: David Hume, A Dissertation on the Passions / The Natural History of Religion, edited by Tom L. Beauchamp, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 2007.
  57. - Hume 2013: David Hume, Essays and Treatises on Philosophical Subjects, edited by Lorne Falkenstein and Neil McArthur, Claremond: broadview editions, 2013.
  58. - Hume NLS MS 23159: David Hume, NLS MS 23159, ff. 9-35.
  59. - Lithgow 1682: William Lithgow, Lithgow’s Nineteen Years Travels through The most Eminent Places in the Habitable World, London, J. Wright and T. Passinger, 1682.
  60. - Mair 1763: John Mayr, The Tyro’s Dictionary, Latin and English, Edinburgh, Sands, Murray, and Cochran for W. Sands, A. Kincaid & J. Bell, 1763.
  61. - Mandeville 1714: [Bernard Mandeville] The Fable of the Bees: Private Vices Publick Benefits, London, J. Roberts, 1714.
  62. - Mandeville 1724: [Bernard Mandeville] A Modest Defence of Publick Stews: or, An Essay upon Whoring, As it is now practis’d in these Kingdoms, London, A. Moore, 1724.
  63. - Marx 1982: Karl Marx, Capital. A Critique of Polical Economy, 3 vols., Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1982
  64. - Montaigne 1993: Michel Eyquem de Montaigne, On friendship, in Id., Essays, edited by John M. Cohen, London, Penguin, 1993, pp. 91-105.
  65. - Montaigne 2012: Michel Eyquem de Montaigne, De l’amitié, in Id., Essais / Saggi, a cura di André Tournon, trad. it. di Fausta Garavini, Milano, Bompiani, 2012, pp. 330-55.
  66. - Montesquieu 1748: Montesquieu, De l’Esprit des Loix, 2 vols., Genève, Barillot & Fils, 1748
  67. - Montesquieu 1914: Correspondance de Montesquieu, 2 vols., edited by François Gebelin and André Morize, Bordeaux, Gounouhilou - Société des Bibliophiles, 1914.
  68. - Montesquieu 1989: Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws, edited by Anne M. Cohler, Basia Carolyn Miller, Harold Samuel Stone, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1989.
  69. - Old Bailey 1749: Proceedings on the King’s Commissions of the Peace […] held at Justice-Hall in the Old Bailey, London, M. Cooper, 1749, n° 472, 5th July, p. 23, www.olbaileyonline. org.
  70. - Plato 1578: Plato, Convivium, Sive, De Amore. Metaphysicus sive Theologicus, in Id., Platonis opera quæ extant omnia. Ex nova Ioannis Serrani Interpretatione, [Paris], H. Stephanus, 1578, vol. III.
  71. - Plato 1925: Plato, Symposium, in Id., Lysis Symposium Gorgias, London, W. Heinemann, LOEB, 1925.
  72. - Plutarch 1967: Plutarch, Solon, in Plutarch’s Lives, 11 vols., London, W. Heinemann, LOEB, 1967.
  73. - Plutarch 1961a: Plutarch, The Dialogue on Love, in Plutarch’s Moralia, 15 vols., London, W. Heinemann, 1961, vol. IX.
  74. - Plutarch 1961b: Plutarch, The Roman Questions, in Plutarch’s Moralia, 15 vols., London, W. Heinemann, 1961, vol. IV.
  75. - Pope 1729: Alexander Pope, The Dunciad. With Notes Variorum, and the Prolegomena of Scriblerus, London, L. Gilliver, 1729.
  76. - Pufendorf 1704: Samuel von Pufendorf, De Jure Naturæ et Gentium. Libri Octo. Editio Ultima, Auctior multo, & Emendatior, Amsterdam, J. Wolters, 1704.
  77. - Sandys 1615: George Sandys, A Relation of a Journey begun An: Dom: 1610. Foure Bookes. Containing a description of the Turkish Empire, of Ægipt, of the Holy Land, of the Remote parts of Italy, and Islands adioyning, London, W. Barrett, 1615.
  78. - Sextus Empiricus 1990: Sextus Empiricus, Outlines of Pyrrhonism, London, Harvard University Press, 1990.
  79. - Sinistrari 1700: Ludovico Sinistrari de Ameno, De delictis et pœnis Tractatus Absolutissimus, Venetiis, H. Albriccium, 1700.
  80. - Smith 1790: Adam Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, London, A. Strahan and W. Cadell, 17906.
  81. - Smith 2002: Adam Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, edited by Knud Haakonnsen, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2002.
  82. - Smollet 1746: [Tobias George Smollet] Advice: A Satire, London, G. Freer, 1746.
  83. - Smollet 1748: Tobias George Smollet, The Adventures of Roderick Random, 2 vols., London, J. Osborn, 1748.
  84. - Thucydides 1959: Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, 4 vols., London, W. Heineman, 1959.
  85. - Tindal 1711: Matthew Tindal, The Nation Vindicated from the Aspersions Cast on it in a Late Pamphlet, intitled, A Representation of the Present State of Religion, London, A. Baldwin, 1711.
  86. - Voltaire 1764: [Voltaire] Amour nommé socratique, in Id., Dictionnaire Philosophique Portatif, Londres, 1764, pp. 18-21.
  87. - Voltaire 1990: Essai sur les mœurs et l’esprit des nations et sur les principaux faits de l’histoire depuis Charlemagne jusqu’à Louis XIII, 2 vols., edited by René Pomeau, Paris, Garnier, 1990.
  88. - Xenophon 1946: Xenophon, Constitution of the Lacedemonians, in Id., Scripta Minora, London, W. Heinemann, 1946.
  89. - Beauchamp 1998: Tom L. Beauchamp, Editor’s Annotations to David Hume, An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals, edited by Tom L. Beauchamp, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1998.
  90. - Cohon 2008: Rachel Cohon, Hume’s Morality. Feeling and Fabrication, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2008.
  91. - Crompton 1998: Louis Crompton, Byron and Greek Love. Homophobia in 19th-Century England, Swaffham, The Gay Men’s Press, 1998.
  92. - Falkenstein 2021: Lorne Falkenstein, Moral Disagreement, in Esther Engels Kroeker and Willem Lemmens, Hume «An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals». A Critical Guide, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2021, pp. 238-56.
  93. - Falkenstein and McArthur 2013: Lorne Falkenstein and Neil McArthur (eds.), D. Hume, Essays and Treatises on Philosophical Subjects, Claremond, broadview editions, 2013.
  94. - Finley 1980: Moses Israel Finely, Ancient Slavery and Modern Ideology, New York, The Vicking Press, 1980.
  95. - Frazer 2010: Michael L. Frazer, The Enlightenment of Sympathy. Justice and the Moral Sentiments in the Eighteenth Century and Today, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2010.
  96. - Gladfelder 2007a: Hal Gladfelder, In Search of Lost Texts: Thomas Cannon’s «Ancient and Modern Pederasty Investigated and Exemplify’d», «Eighteenth-Century Life», 31 (2007), 1, pp. 22-38.
  97. - Gladfelder 2007b: Hal Gladfelder, The Indictment of John Purser, Containing Thomas Cannon’s «Ancient and Modern Pederasty Investigated and Exemplify’d», «Eighteenth-Century Life», 31 (2007), 1, pp. 39-61.
  98. - Greco 2011: Lorenzo Greco, Prophets of Secularism: Hume before Bentham? Reply to Schofield, «Philosophy and Public Issues», 1 (2011), 1, pp. 75-78.
  99. - Guerra-Pujol 2021: F. Enrique Guerra-Pujol, Adam Smith in Love, in «Econ Journal Watch», 18 (2021), 1, pp. 127-55.
  100. - Herdt 1997: Jennifer A. Herdt, Religion and Faction in Hume’s moral Philosophy, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1997
  101. - Herdt 2013: Jennifer A. Herdt, Artificial Lives, Providential History, and the Apparent Limits of Sympathetic Understanding, in Mark G. Spencer (ed.), David Hume. Historical thinker, historical writer, University Park, The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2013, pp. 37-59.
  102. - Kennet 1706: White Kennett, A Complete History of England: with the Lives of all the Kings and Queens, 3 vols., Londo, B. Aylmer et al., 1706.
  103. - Kent Gerard, Gert Hekma (eds.), The Pursuit of Sodomy. Male Homosexuality in Renaissance and Enlightenment Europe, New York - London: Routledge, 1989.
  104. - Kuiper 2014: Edith Kuiper, The invisible hands: Adam Smith and the women in his life, «The Adam Smith Review», edited by Fonna Forman, 7 (2014), 62-78.
  105. - Mazza 2018a: Emilio Mazza, Exposing the Children: Montesquieu, Hume and something «pretty unusual», «I castelli di Yale – online», 6, 2, 2018, pp. 45-77.
  106. - Mazza 2018b: Emilio Mazza, Fluctuations. Manners, tastes, and religion in the «Standard of Taste», in Angela M. Coventry and Alex Sager (ed.), The Humean Mind, edited by, London . New York, Routledge, 2019, pp. 272-84.
  107. - Mazza 2021: Emilio Mazza, «L’esercizio del giorno e la meditazione della notte»: Beccaria e la metafisica di Hume, in Nell’officina dei lumi. Studi in onore di Gianni Francioni, a cura di G. Cospito ed E. Mazza, Como-Pavia, Ibis, 2021, pp. 217-48.
  108. - Meek 2015: Jeffrey Meek, Queer Voices in Post-War Scotland. Male Homosexuality, Religion and Society, palgrave macmillan, 2015.
  109. - Nortonand Norton 1996: David Fate Norton, Mary Jane Norton, The David Hume Library, Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bibliographical Society and National Library of Scotland, 1996.
  110. - Paganini 2021: Gianni Paganini, Sexual desire, gender equality and radical free-thinking: “Theophrastus redivivus” (1659) as a proto-feminist text, in «Intellectual History Review», 31 (2021), 1, pp. 27-49.
  111. - Pellegrino 2007: Gianfranco Pellegrino, Un altro liberalismo: libertà, felicità e limiti del diritto penale, in Jeremy Bentham, Libertà di gusto e d’opinione. Un altro liberalismo per la vita quotidiana, a cura di Gianfranco Pellegrino, Roma, edizioni Dedalo, 2007, pp. 5-62.
  112. - Prinz 2007: Jesse J. Prinz, The Emotional Construction of Morals, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2007.
  113. - Rousseau 1987: George S. Rousseau, The Pursuit of Homosexuality in the Eighteenth Century: «Utterly Confused Category» and/or Rich Repository, in Robert Purks Maccubbin (ed.), «’Tis Nature’s Fault». Unhauthorized Sexuality during the Enlightenment, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1987, pp. 132-168.
  114. - Rousseau 1989: George S. Rousseau, «In the House of Madam Vander Tasse, on the Long Bridge»: A Homosocial University Club in Early Modern Europe, in «Journal of Homosexuality», 16 (1989), 1-2, pp. 311-47.
  115. - Sreedhar 2020: Susanne Sreedhar, Hobbes on Sexual Morality, in “Hobbes Studies”, 33 (2020), pp. 54-83.
  116. - Susato 2006: Ryu Susato, Hume’s Nuanced Defense of Luxury, «Hume Studies», 32 (2006), 1, pp. 167-186.
  117. - Susato 2015: Ryu Susato, Hume’s Sceptical Enlightenment, Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, 2015.
  118. - Swanton 2015: Christine Swanton, The Virtue Ethics of Hume and Nietzsche, Oxford, Wiley Blackwell, 2015.
  119. - Temple 2000: Kathryn Temple, «Manly Composition»: Hume and the «History of England», in Anne Jaap Jacobson (ed.), Feminist Interpretations of David Hume, University Park, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000, pp. 263-82.
  120. - Watkins 2019: Margaret Watkins, The Philosophical Progress of Hume’s «Essays», Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2019.
  121. - Williams 1995: Craig A. Williams, Greek Love at Rome, «The Classical Quarterly», 45 (1995), 2, pp. 517-39.
  122. - Williams 2010: Craig A. Williams, Roman Homosexuality, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 20102.

Emilio Mazza, «Something else too abominable to be nam’d». David Hume and Greek Love in "RIVISTA DI STORIA DELLA FILOSOFIA" 1/2022, pp 51-80, DOI: 10.3280/SF2022-001004