Hezbollah. Terrorismo e movimento politico

Hezbollah is a word with many meanings but mainly it refers to the Lebanese Shiite movement, born as a reaction to the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982. Paradoxically the Shiite minority received the Israeli Army as a liberating force from the OLP Muslim Sunni oppression in the area, but rapidly, pushed by the clerical Shiite Government in Iran, they became the most extremist and terrorist group opposing Israel in the area. Hezbollah used suicide attacks and various terrorist instrument reaching important military and political results against Western and Israeli forces in Lebanon. However in the Nineties the movement evolved into a specialised guerrilla group, restraining area and instrument of action to fighting Israeli army in southern Lebanon. Hezbollah developed also an extensive social and political activity. Iran money facilitated this evolution, but mainly the Syrians transformed them into a disciplined and so efficient military instrument that the Israeli Government finally decided to retreat from Lebanon in 2000. At present the movement maintains its military militia, but it is fundamentally a powerful, indispensable Government party in the new Lebanon, independent from Syria. The Italians as part of the multinational forces in Lebanon operated in the Muslim area in the Eighties. Since then they maintained some relations with Hezbollah.;

Carlo Calia, Hezbollah. Terrorismo e movimento politico in "MONDO CONTEMPORANEO" 1/2006, pp , DOI: