Industry 4.0 technologies and organizational design - Evidence from 15 Italian cases

Titolo Rivista STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI
Autori/Curatori Emanuela Shaba, Marco Guerci, Silvia Gilardi, Emilio Bartezzaghi
Anno di pubblicazione 2019 Fascicolo 2019/1
Lingua Inglese Numero pagine 29 P. 9-37 Dimensione file 472 KB
DOI 10.3280/SO2019-001001
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Current literature on Industry 4.0 technologies has mainly explored their relationship to the employment dynamics, or to the required competencies and emerging roles. This paper is complementing current literature with a perspective focused on organizational design. The aim of the paper is to explore how organizations are re-designed when Industry 4.0 technologies are implemented. The paper is based on 15 case studies carried out in Italian manufacturing companies and data was collected from 70 semi-structured interviews to relevant roles involved in the implementation of digital technologies. Results show that, when Industry 4.0 technologies are implemented, organizations are redesigned following a employee control-oriented or following a employee commitment-oriented organizational design. These results show that organizational design is the result of decisions, and is not determined by technology. The implications of our findings are presented and discussed.

La letteratura manageriale sulle tecnologie Industry 4.0 ha principalmente esplorato la loro relazione con le dinamiche occupazionali, con le competenze richieste ai lavoratori e con i ruoli emergenti all’interno delle imprese. Questo studio si propone di arricchire tale letteratura adottando un approccio centrato sulla progettazione organizzativa, esplorando cioè quali configurazioni organizzative siano implementate dalle imprese che hanno adottato le tecnologie Industry 4.0. Il lavoro si basa su 15 case study realizzati in aziende manifatturiere italiane che hanno adottato le tecnologie Industry 4.0. I casi sono stati realizzati tramite 70 interviste semi-strutturate ad attori coinvolti nell’implementazione delle tecnologie Industry 4.0 nelle imprese analizzate. I risultati mostrano che: (i) quando le tecnologie di Industry 4.0 vengono adottate, l’organizzazione viene riprogettata; (ii) tale riprogettazione ha come esiti alternativi l’adozione di configurazioni organizzative orientate al controllo dei lavoratori, oppure l’adozione di configurazioni organizzative orientate alla partecipazione dei lavoratori. I risultati mostrano quindi che tali configurazioni organizzative non sono determinate dalla tecnologie dato che, pur avendo implementato tecnologie simili, le imprese analizzate hanno adottato configurazioni organizzative diverse. Le implicazioni per la teoria e la pratica dei risultati sono presentate e discusse.

Keywords:Tecnologie Industry 4.0, progettazione organizzativa, controllo, commitment

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Emanuela Shaba, Marco Guerci, Silvia Gilardi, Emilio Bartezzaghi, Industry 4.0 technologies and organizational design - Evidence from 15 Italian cases in "STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI " 1/2019, pp 9-37, DOI: 10.3280/SO2019-001001