RISULTATI RICERCA

Forme alternative di impiego della manodopera sono oramai diffuse in tutto il mondo. A fronte di una tale espansione, il giuslavorista non può esimersi dall’affrontare la questione relativa alla conformazione del futuro mercato del lavoro, chiedendosi, in particolare, se esso sarà costituito solamente da lavoratori autonomi e da committenti; ciò a discapito del rapporto di lavoro subordinato, destinato come tale a rimanere istituto caratterizzante il passato del mondo del lavoro, con tutte le ricadute che da tale prospettiva necessariamente conseguono, non solo sui singoli individui, ma sulla intera società.

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs), entrepreneurship, and crude oil are important contrib- utors to the economic growth of several countries. Crude oil revenue facilitated the develop- ment of other economic sectors including SMEs in many countries and became a blessing for economic stability. However, in some countries or regions, it attracted most of the labour, capital, and government support at the cost of other economic sectors and became a curse. This study investigates the relationship between crude oil prices and small business entrepre- neurship activities in the province of Alberta. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) models, along with some other statistical tools, are used to analyze the data for the period 1988-2018. Our findings reveal a positive relationship between crude oil prices and the number of small busi- nesses in Alberta and Canada, which is consistent with the natural resources blessing hypoth- esis. However, some labour-intensive and low-wage small business sectors were found to be negatively associated with crude oil prices. Moreover, the population growth and market in- terest rate hampered small business entrepreneurial activities, while GDP growth promoted them. Some implications are provided at the end of the study to diversify the economy of Alberta through promoting small business entrepreneurial activities.

Greater Miami and the Islands are one of the most climate-vulnerable regions on planet Earth. In the coming decades, the low-lying areas of Miami are set to be swallowed by sea-level rise combined with increased yearly threats of hurricanes, king tides, tropical storm surges and heatwaves. Under the three year umbrella of CRUNCH (Climate Resilient Urban Nexus CHoices), and the Food-Water-Energy Nexus research, this Second Volume looks at designing adaptive, resilient, biology-inspired, off-the-grid and carbon-positive green-blue infrastructures, self-growing coastal barrier islands and buildings on a timeline from 2019 to 2100.

Today more than 50% of ecologies in the world are determined by unsustainable industrialisation processes. The latest United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports showing that we are quickly arriving at points of no return in the warming of our planet. Under the three year umbrella of CRUNCH (Climate Resilient Urban Nexus CHoices), and the Food-Water-Energy (FWE) Nexus research, this Third Volume looks at designing adaptive, resilient, biology-inspired, and carbon-positive green-blue infrastructures and buildings, self-growing coastal barrier islands on a timeline from 2019 to 2100.

The City of Miami Beach is one of the most climate vulnerable cities on planet Earth. In the coming decades the city will have to face the challenges of sea-level rise combined with yearly threats of hurricanes, king tides, and tropical rain downpours that can dump as much as five inches of water on the city in one afternoon. Under the umbrella of CRUNCH (Climate Resilient Urban Nexus Choices) this first volume looks at designing building structures that can act as hybrids sitting in, out, or under the water with the ability to be self-sustaining.

La modifica del 2006 dell’ordinamento giudiziario è figlia di un’epoca tormentata di rapporti tra la politica e la magistratura, in particolare quella requirente, e frutto della volontà di impedire la (ritenuta) eccessiva autonomia del singolo pubblico ministero, faticosamente acquisita a seguito di un percorso pluridecennale, e di accentrare nel solo procuratore della Repubblica la responsabilità dell’operato dell’ufficio. A molti è parso inoltre evidente l’intento di avviare un percorso verso una caduta di indipendenza "esterna" del pubblico ministero, con l’abbandono del circuito che aveva garantito (in modo ritenuto eccessivo) l’indipendenza "interna" del singolo sostituto. Anche per questo è utile l’analisi delle interpretazioni del Csm e della normativa secondaria da esso emanata.

Relatively little research has addressed questions on how companies integrate corporate social responsibility (CSR) and management control, and this study attempts to respond to recent calls for further investigation. Taking the perspective, advanced in the extant literature, that CSR can be regarded as a form of management control, the study has the objective to show how a socially responsible initiative, such as the implementation of an employee welfare plan undertaken by a SME, can address control issues. In particular, the company has designed the employee welfare plan as an incentive system. The study adopts an interventionist research (IVR) approach to accomplish with the research objective, and the results of the interventionist case study are interpreted based on the Merchant and Van der Stede object-of-control framework. In particular, results indicate that the implementation of the welfare plan has enabled the application of different types of control and provided incentive-related benefits, suggesting the potential impact of CSR as a management control device.

Purpose: This paper reviews the literature on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in banking to identify the most relevant aspects analyzed to date and avenues for future research. The CSR concept is key in the banking industry and banks are pushed to improve their social and environmental performance, and to disclose information about CSR in their financial and non-financial reports. Design/methodology/approach: This paper adopts a mixed literature review approach, based on a qualitative analysis of the literature and complemented by some structured systematic analyses. The theoretical frameworks employed in the literature, the time and geographical distribution of the samples analyzed, and the main findings of the studies indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and EBSCOhost are also examined. Findings: The findings show that (i) there is a significant gap between the liter-ature focusing on the financial dimension of bank disclosure and that exploring the CSR dimension; (ii) the time horizons analyzed in the empirical literature are concentrated around the 2008-2009 global financial crisis; (iii) the empirical litera-ture mainly focuses on the most developed European, North American and Asian countries. Originality/value: This study contributes to extant literature by describing the state of the art on CSR disclosure in banking and paving the way for future re-search on this topic. A call for research is raised on corruption-related disclosure and the relationship between national economic development and bank transpar-ency, with specific reference to CSR disclosure.

A key component of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is communicating it with the appropriate degree of social disclosure. To manage effectively a social disclosure requires that companies understand the cultural context in which they communicate. Even though scholars tend to agree on a relationship between culture and social disclosures there are no studies directly comparing CSR communication among companies from different European contexts. The aim of this study is to explore if CSR disclosure has a cross-national or global tendency by means of a double-phase investigation among 251 companies with headquarters in seven European countries: Spain, France, Switzerland, UK, Denmark, Italy and Greece. In a first phase, a content analysis permits to investigate national differences in how companies disclose CSR. In a second phase qualitative interviews with 69 communication directors or CSR directors explore different managers’ perspectives on how they see CSR communication as a problematic task.

All’interno della corposa letteratura in materia di CSR-costo del capitale, limitate sono le ricerche sul mercato dei prestiti bancari, e dei prestiti sindacati in particolare. Focalizzando l’attenzione sul contesto europeo si evidenzia la quasi assenza di studi volti a verificare se l’impegno in CSR premia le aziende debitrici in termini di una riduzione del costo dei finanziamenti ottenuti. Questo volume vuole colmare il gap evidenziato e contribuire allo sviluppo delle conoscenze su un mercato – quello europeo dei prestiti sindacati – a cui si rivolge un sostanziale numero di aziende.

Il presente lavoro tratta, con strumenti di analisi economica, un particolare aspetto del sistema italiano delle autonomie. Vengono formalizzati alcuni effetti del complesso dei poteri che permette ad Autorità regionali di ridurre, ritardare o paralizzare l’impatto delle politiche nazionali. Quando tali politiche hanno come obiettivo la liberalizzazione di certi settori dell’economia e l’amministratore locale può appropriarsi di rendite di posizione, gli strumenti posti a tutela delle specificità locali possono produrre perdite di benessere collettivo. Il ragionamento viene svolto con riferimento a poteri di contrasto attivati dal governo della Regione siciliana.